Cultural Tourism
Visit museums, enjoy performances at theatres and learn more about Kazakhstan’s rich historical and cultural heritage.

Located in the center of Eurasia, Kazakhstan was at the crossroads of the world’s most ancient civilizations. The Silk Road passed through the steppes of Kazakhstan carrying commerce, culture and religion between the major western and eastern civilizations. In different historical periods, states developed on the territory of present-day Kazakhstan, leaving behind numerous historical monuments and cultural sights.

Kazakhstan has always been a part of a complex network of cultures. This fact makes it a great destination for cultural and educational tourism. Ancient cities with magnificent mausoleums, underground mosques, numerous museums, theaters and galleries – all this will help you discover the history and culture of Kazakhstan.

Children’s Tourism
Everything for children: themed tours and excursions, recreation centers, museums and many more

Nowadays, children’s tourism is a growing trend, because it provides an education that is impossible to get in a traditional school and broadens the horizons of the younger generation. Children become more empathetic and respectful towards nature and other cultures as well as their own.

At the moment, there are 26 organizations of children and youth tourism in Kazakhstan, with South Kazakhstan and West Kazakhstan regional associations being the biggest. It is impossible to overestimate the contribution of schoolchildren in the promotion and support of this industry: they create theme clubs and make trips to sacred places, thereby setting an example for younger children and attracting the attention of foreign guests. Also in Kazakhstan there are many camps, where children from different cities and even countries socialize, undergo wellness procedures, do sports, and explore each other’s culture. Language camps are also very popular, where young people exchange experiences and knowledge.

Ecological Tourism
Enjoy untouched nature in national parks and reserves with colorful landscapes and diverse wildlife

Kazakhstan is full of natural wonders that make it a great destination for ecologically conscious travelers. Here you can engage in eco-friendly activities: hiking in various picturesque areas, birdwatching, learning about wildlife, contemplating beautiful scenery.

In Kazakhstan there are thousands of kilometers of untouched areas to explore. Each region has its own destinations: national parks, reserves, numerous historical monuments, mountain areas, peaceful plains, and magnificent canyons. Kazakhstan is home for incredibly diverse wildlife. So, if you’re lucky, you may take a glimpse of rare animals.

In addition, there are a wide variety of activities, such as tours to protected areas, where travelers can get acquainted with the surrounding nature and also with traditions and everyday life of the locals.

Space Tourism
Connect with Space by exploring the world’s first and largest spaceport Baikonur or locations in Kazakhstan connected with different planets and galaxies.

Space has always intrigued and mesmerized people. From time immemorial it caused a lot of controversy, fantastic theories and contradictions. It is not a secret that Baikonur Cosmodrome was the first gateway to the stars – the first human to cross into outer space was launched from here.

Tours to Baikonur imply excursions to museum and launch facilities, viewing of rocket launches and installation of prelaunch equipment. However, one should not forget that Baikonur is an operating spaceport and restricted military domain, therefore one should take time and prepare all the necessary permits and undergo several checks.

The Republic of Kazakhstan, undoubtedly, has a potential to develop this exotic tourism sector. A tour to Baikonur is a great chance to see a rocket being launched, learn the history of space exploration and experience unforgettable emotions.

Extreme Tourism
Get a portion of adrenaline enjoying extreme activities in breathtakingly beautiful locations of Kazakhstan

Extreme tourism is a niche in the tourism industry involving travel to dangerous places or participating in physically risky activities. It has become increasingly popular among thrill-seekers, and is in great demand in Kazakhstan. There are many places where you can feel the rush of adrenaline. For instance, mountains, where fans of backcountry skiing, freeriding or heliskiing will be delighted with twisted ungroomed slopes. You can also climb snow-capped mountains and feel the thrill of reaching the summit. Khan-Tengri Peak, the highest peak in Kazakhstan reaching 7,010 m (22,999 ft), is the most popular among alpinists. One can also engage in rafting or paragliding.

Thus, Kazakhstan has a wide variety of exhilarating activities. Everyone, even the most experienced adrenaline junkies, will find locations to make their heart race.

Gastronomic Tourism
Discover new delicacies and enjoy the harmonious play of flavours in Kazakh restaurants.

Who doesn’t like to discover new cuisine, enjoying unusual flavours and tastes? The cuisine of any nation is unique, therefore, every cook tries to present it at its best, not in order to surprise guests with professional skills, but to introduce a country’s traditional food to foreigners in the best way possible. Therefore, it is not surprising that gastronomic tourism has gained such popularity.

In Kazakhstan, the demand for gastronomic tours is increasing exponentially, due to exotic national cuisine based on milk and meat. Kazakhstan is a multicultural country. Therefore, travelers can try traditional dishes of various nationalities, from European to Pan-Asian. Cafes and restaurants of Central Asian cuisine are the most popular, they are distinguished by unique national flavor, luxurious interiors, and large portions.

In addition, during a gastronomic tour you can even take part in a culinary master class, so that after returning home you can diversify your menu with a new delicacy. Most Kazakh dishes are easy to cook, so you can always surprise your guests with beshbarmak and kazy! Gastronomic tours to the country of nomads always bring a lot of positive impressions and useful experience to any traveler!

Religious Tourism
Sacred places of Kazakhstan are always open to everyone driven by good thoughts and willingness to learn more about the culture.

Religious tourism traditionally has two subtypes: pilgrimage tourism and cognitive tourism. The task of the first one is to participate in religious rites, while the latter one aims at viewing churches, mosques and other religious institutions and getting acquainted with the spiritual life of the region.

Thousands of monuments are located on the vast territory of Kazakhstan, many of them being sacred for the Muslims and followers of many other world religions. They play an important role in the religious life of believers. However, most of the religious monuments in Kazakhstan are Islamic. Therefore, pilgrims from all over the world come here to pray in mosques and mausoleums, to worship the spirits of the saints in their tombs. The main pilgrimage attraction is the famous Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi. There are also beautiful Orthodox and Catholic churches with unique icons, murals, and relics of saints. Once there even was a Buddhist temple, the ruins of which were found in the Central Kazakhstan.

Kazakhstan as a multi-ethnic and multi-confessional state, so you can familiarize yourself with many religions here. The doors of religious institutions are always open for every person who is driven by sincere curiosity and good thoughts.

Rural Tourism, Agri-Tourism
Meet locals and learn more about life in small villages or nomadic settlements in picturesque valleys of Kazakhstan.

Rural tourism or agritourism brings visitors to farms. This kind of tourism allows you to escape from the daily routine, get acquainted with the life in the countryside, and even acquire new skills that are so unusual for those living in a big city. Spending some time away from the “civilization” is beneficial for physical and mental health. It is a great chance to recharge, beat stress and get memories to last for a lifetime.

Guest houses in the countryside, especially near unique natural attractions, welcome tourists all year round with traditional Kazakh hospitality. They offer not only accommodation, but also various dishes of national cuisine. One can also visit various ethnic villages, and familiarize oneself with the life and customs of the Kazakh steppes.

Mountaineering, horseback riding, skiing and hiking, exploring canyons, diving, rafting and much more.

Adventure tourism is perfect for restless explorers of mountain peaks, fans of raging waves and active lifestyle enthusiasts. It combines several activities, including mountaineering, horseback riding, skiing, hiking, trekking, caving, diving, buggy tours and more. Adventure tourism is becoming more and more popular, thanks to the current trend for active living.

Kazakhstan is one of the best countries for adventure tours. In 2019, the country took the 5th place in the list of the best countries for adventure tourism according to the British Backpacker Society. And this is well deserved, for there is a great variety of landscapes, including soaring mountains, endless steppes, and blossoming valleys. Undoubtedly, Almaty and South regions are favourite places of adventure tourists because of their majestic mountains, reserves, waterfalls, canyons and caves. However, Mangystau Region is no less amazing, with a nature to stun even an experienced tourist.

Pamper yourself at a variety of recreation centers, high-class resorts and spa hotels in Kazakhstan.

If we talk about the most popular tourist destinations, then we definitely should mention health resorts. Kazakhstan can offer an extensive variety of resorts, where one can spend a relaxing holiday and improve one’s health. In addition, all resorts offer different entertainment that help diversify leisure and have a great time, while enjoying the renewal and recovery of your body. Being on vacation can sometimes be tiresome, but this does not apply to resorts. Here, the opposite is true – the longer you are at the resort, the better you feel!

Resorts are always located in picturesque places. They are surrounded by beautiful forests, magnificient mountains, lakes, rivers, and springs. Healing mud, mineral, carbonated and saline water, infusions and decoctions of herbs, and antlers of red deer are used for therapeutic purposes.

Travel to Kazakhstan in order to observe or participate in sporting events and activities.

Sports tourism is traveling from one region or country to another in order to either observe a sporting event as a spectator or actively participate in it.

The territory of Kazakhstan is equipped with all the necessary infrastructure for outdoor activities. The most prominent and memorable sports facilities are Medeu and Shymbulak Ski Resorts, located in Almaty. Also, over the past 10 years, world-class sports complexes have been built in the city of Nur-Sultan – Astana Arena, Saryarka Cycle Track, Alau Ice Palace, Barys Hockey Club Home Arena and others. Thousands of tourists from near and far abroad come here annually.

In addition, marathons, bicycle races, triathlon competitions, alpine games, and even rock climbing competitions are held in major cities.

Fortunately, now people pay more attention to their health and wellbeing, and engage in physical activity. That is why the sports tourism industry in Kazakhstan is rapidly developing, reaching a new level, contributing to people’s desire to be always in shape and good mood.

Akmola region
The region occupies territory extremely favorable for development of tourist business.
Great possibilities have many areas of the region for internal tourism development. There is a developed network of rest houses, sanatoria, tourist bases, dispensaries, boarding houses etc.

Shchuchinsk-Burabai resort zone is the resort place with fine natural-climatic conditions rich with medical-recreational resources and historical and cultural fund, favorable geographical arrangement in the centre of Republic, affinity to Astana, the capital of RK. In the future it promises to become the great modern tourist centre of Eurasia. Here it is planned to construct objects of business, welfare, scientifically-educational, and also entertaining appointment.

The big attention is given to infrastructure development for attraction foreign capital on the further development of resort zone. Actions have been worked out for building new roads, opening aircraft service, providing stable water-and power supply. The given measures will provide creation of conditions for investments into building edifices and constructions for residing, productive leisure and tourists’ communication.

Special economic zone «Burabai» is created to develop its territory into tourist entertaining centre for the purpose of creation favorable investment climate and attraction for domestic and foreign investments.

The tourist entertaining centre is social project: to transfer of gambling institutions will allow to reanimate an investment climate of this area, to create additional workplaces, to increase tax revenues, and also to promote development of an accompanying infrastructure.
Development of Shchuchinsk-Burabai resort zone will be promoted by the fact, than the arrangement of one of two especially taken away centres is defined at this place, where the gaming will develop.

As a whole, the area possesses huge potential for attraction investments into economy development of the region, including the international tourist business and is ready to consider any offers on cooperation.

Almaty region
The Almaty region was formed on March 10, 1932, its area is 224 thousand square kilometers.The region is located in the far southeast of the Republic, in the east it borders on China, in the south on Kyrgyzstan.

The administrative center is the town of Taldykorgan located in the southeast of the country at the foot of the Zhungar Alatau northern slopes at an altitude of 570-630 m above sea level on the Karatal river bank. At present there are 133,4 thousand inhabitants of seventy nationalities. Taldykorgan is one of the very green towns in the Republic, it is buried in verdure of parks and gardens. There are many relics of the v pasti which are a part of historical and cultural heritage.
There is beautiful and wonderful land in the Almaty region with century-old history called “Zhetysu”, it means seven rivers which run here and fall into the Balkhash Lake.

Ancient culture of the Kazakh people is reflected in invaluable monuments of the past, stone sculptures and burial mounds are among them, ruins of sites of ancient -cities also remind us about great history of this land inhabited by man from time immemorial. In the Middle Ages Semirechie was a very important agricultural and trade center, one of The Great Silk Road routes ran across its territory.

The Almaty region has the great tourist recreational potential giving an opportunity for development of tourism both domestic and international. The region also has considerable resources for mountain tourism and rock climbing development.

The Zaili and Zhungar Alatau mountain ranges are unique. The Kan-Tengri peak (7014 m), located in Central Tien Shan, is the highest top in the country. The mountains abound in picturesque lakes and waterfalls.

The tourist routes lead to unique natural historical-cultural, archaeological places of interest such as the Charyn river, Kolsai lakes, relic Ash-tree grove, “Singing Barkhan”, “Burkhan Bulak” waterfall, Anrakai Battle place, Zhambyl’s Museum, Zharkent Mosque, small town of handicraftsmen “Sheber Aul”.

The rivers Charyn, Koksu, Karatal, Hi are attractive for sport-recreation rafting, the lakes Alakol, Balkhash and Kapshagai water body are favourite places for nature lovers who are fond of water tourism ranging from fishing to sailing.
There are unrivaled places of untouched nature where hunting and fishing develop. It is a real treasure for those who are fond of these kinds of sport. Vast tracts and unspoilt beauties of nature will be evaluated even by very experienced tourists.

Zhetysu land with its climatic conditions and magnificent landscape is very interesting and attractive for those who like to travel and to acquire knowledge of the world.

Nature and environment conditions
Environment of Almaty region includes 5 climatic zones – from deserts to eternal snow. A climate sharply continental, average temperature of January in a flat part-15 With, in foothills – 6-8 With; July – +16 With and +24+25 With accordingly. An annual amount of precipitation on plains – to 300 mm, in foothills and mountains – from 500-700 to 1000 mm a year.

Flora and region fauna
Nature of the region is special. Within one day it is possible to cross actually all geographical zones – from desert to eternal snow. Various plants, grasses, trees grow in foothills and slopes of mountains, hundreds kinds of wild animals, including a rare snow leopard live. In the bottom belt of mountains (to 600 metres) travellers will meet green deciduous woods, having risen above, can take pleasure in a steppe landscape, in valleys of the rivers – fruit gardens, aspen wood, hawthorn thickets. The fauna of these edges also is various. Here probably to meet hares, fiber, hamsters, badgers and even brown bears. At tops of mountains mountain goats, архары, grey steppe fibers live. Many birds live in woods: свиристель, an owl, mountain daws, partridges and pheasants. It is good to visit Pribalhashe in the middle of May. At this time poppies here blossom, and all steppe is very picturesquely covered by “a red flower carpet».

Aktobe
It is known that since those ancient times when heavenly Turkis confirming that they descend from the holy mythic Otiken from Altai, were the first in the history of the humanity to saddle horse, to invent a wheel and to place a nomad tent on the bullock-cart, they had often risen together and roamed from place to place to the west in search of the new lands and homes. And the humanity remembers the Great Resettlement of Nations. And the centuries-old Great Resettlement could not go round this land. The nomads who did not pass through Aktobe land would have bumped into thick Siberian forests or the Khazar Sea (the Caspian Sea).

The population of Aktobe region is 713.9 people. It boarders Kostanai and Karaganda regions in the south-eats, Kyzylorda and Mangistau regions in the south-west, Atyrau and West-Kazakhstan regions in the north-west and Russia in the north. So it is the region which has a great geopoliteical, economic and strategic significance in the western part of Kazakhstan.
bowels of the region are very rich, its economic potential is very big.

The struggle against the Djungars’ invasion and the invasion of Russian empire was continually carried on this land. The nation fighting for its freedom stood a lot of ordeals, shed a great deal of blood. And later the people suffered much trouble due to other disagreements in the Russian society which fell into “the white” and “the red”, suffered hard pangs of the revolution, collectivization, compulsion to settled life, artificially organized famine.

Aktobe land possesses big economic potential, very rich bowels and rather high intellectual and cultural level. Competent use of these opportunities in compliance with the spirit of the time provides the ground for rapid development and continuous growth of economy. The bowels of Aktobe land contain 10 per cent of the explored reserves of the country’s oil, 30 per cent of the forecasted hydrocarbon raw materials, 100 per cent of Kazakhstan! chromium are also found here. The region takes the second place in the world in the chrome ore reserves (over 400 mln tons), the third place in the Republic in ore (1 00 mln tons), the fourth place in gas reserves.

55 per cent of nickel, 40 per cent of titanium, 34 per cent of phosphorites, 4.7 per cent of zinc, 3.6 per cent of copper, 2 per cent of aluminum, 1.4 per cent of coal of the country are found in the bowels of Aktobe land. There is gold, silver, cobalt, potash salts, asbestos, kaolin, glass and colour stony raw materials, natural decoration materials, oil and bitumen deposits, mineral waters, raw materials necessary for construction and other natural resources. There are good opportunities to develop agriculture in the region. Northern regions situated on fertile soils are engaged in grain production and breeding pedigree live-stock, and regions situated in the semi-desert zone mainly breed cattle.

The nature of the region situated on the vast territory is brought about by the phenomena inherent to the steppe. The primordial ancient mountains Mugodzhars are the spurs of the Urals which spread into the steppe. The major water resources are the rivers Orr, llek, Khobda, Uil, Irgiz, Zhem, Sagis and small rivers and also steppe lakes, the largest of which are situated in the Irgiz region. The balance of the dry continental climate of the region depends on these natural reservoirs. The pride of the region is Torgai national park created on the territory of Irgiz region in 1967. On this territory there are big lakes and rivers (Torgai, Olkeiyek, Telgara, Irgiz), 29 species of animals and 170 species of birds, 30 of which are entered into the Red Book, are found here. In Kargala, Khobda regions there are elks, on Baiganin and Uil lands you can find wild goats, in Irgiz and Shalkar regions saigas and wild boars.

Branches of education, health care, culture, sport, transport of this rich and spacious region are developing very fast and improving every year. Such major institutions of higher education as Military Institute of Air Forces after T. Bigeldinov, Western Kazakhstan Medical Academy after M. Ospanov, Aktobe StateK. Zhubanov University, Aktobe State Teachers’ Training Institute, institutes and branches of Transport and Communication Academy after M. Tynyshbayev, Kazakh State Law Academy, Academy of Economics and Statistics, Central-Asian University, University after S. Baishev, 21 colleges and 16 professional lyceums, training in different specialities, 474 schools of general education, 99 pre-school institutions, 5 specialized schools.

Social conditions of the life of the population of the region are improving rapidly. For the past two years the number of new schools, hospitals, cultural centers, large trade centers and houses has increased twofold. The construction of new houses has greatly increased and the region has become one of the best in the republic.

The reason of such rapid development is the growth of economy due to the competent management in compliance with the requirements of the time, duly and qualitative realization of the tasks set by the President, reflection of energy and efforts of the region’s population confident in their future.

The impetuous development of Aktobe land can be clearly seen by several indexes of the results of 2007.
– For the first time in the history of the region the total volume of production exceeded 500 bin in 2006 and reached 620.0 bin tenge in 2007. It is by 103.3 bin tenge higher than in 2006.
-By the growth of the processing industry our region has become one of the three best regions of the country!
-71 project valued at 308.6 bin tenge have been realized, 52 of which being industrial enterprises.
-Koktau mining concentration industrial complex, capable of producing 200 thousand tons of copper concentrate per year has been put into operation. It took a little over a year to build this complex in the bare steppe. Its second production line will be put into operation in 2008 and will be able to produce 47 thousand tons of zinc concentrate per year, and production of copper will achieve 260 thousand tons. The construction of the metallurgic plant has been planned.

All that has become possible due to the realization of the measures of the Strategy of industrial and innovation development, creation of high technology aimed at the production of the goods with high added value.
– To support agriculture 3.7 bin tenge have been allotted;
– During the year 4078 families became owners of the new houses;
– 420.2 thousand of square meters of housing have been put into exploitation in total;
– 20.3 bin tenge were allocated to the education sphere; 11.3 bin to the health care system;
– 1567.9 bin tenge were allotted to the sphere of culture.
Large, middle-sized business, investors and entrepreneurs make an immense contribution into the development of economy. 94 per cent of the region production is manufactured at the region industrial enterprises: JSC CNPC “Aktobemunaigas”, Donskoi mining concentration industrial complex, referring to “Kazchrom” transnational corporation, Aktobe Ferro Alloy Plant, JSc “Aktobe Chrome Compounds Plant”, JSC “Avia-Repair Plant of Civil Aviation-406”, JSC “Aktubrentgen”.PLC “Aktube-Kurylys”, “Omirbek”, KCDK “Great Wall”, “Koktas Aktobe”, “Voschod-Oriel”, “Zhorga-RD”, “ZhAK” are among major Aktobe enterprises. They do not only produce their own goods but are also engaged in social, cultural and spiritual spheres.

Air, railway and automobile transport communications of the region have been successfully developing lately. Aktobe airport has been built up to the world standards. Now passenger and cargo terminals are being reconstructed. Regional parts of railway and automobile roads connecting Aktobe and Astana have been put into operation, roads Shymkent-Samara, Aktobe-Uralsk, Aktobe-Atyrau and other internal roads are being built and repaired.

Aktobe oblast has prepared over 120 investment projects valued at 8 bin US dollars under the aegis of industrial and innovation strategy. Six of them are included into the state programme “30 corporate leaders of Kazakhstan”, projects of the construction of Zhanazhol gas processing plant with the capacity of 6 bin cubic meters of gas per year, electric metallurgical plant in Aktobe, copper-smelting and mining concentration industrial complex, glass producing plant with the capacity of 21.7 mln square meters of glass per year, chrome ore concentration industrial complex, plant producing 1200 railway carriages per year are among them. Their total cost is 3 bin dollars.

The present day Aktobe region is a flourishing land developing very fast. The social, cultural and spiritual level of its population is continually growing. The people are confident that their future will be still better than the present. It is guaranteed by the economy acquiring more and more power, the population possessing good knowledge, cultural and intellectual potential, showing social activity and unanimity, and also wise and far-sighted policy of the President of our country Nursultan Abishevich Nazarbayev. Competent activity and energy of leaders of the regional and local authorities can be added to these factors.

In a word, Aktobe land is the place one can be proud of. It is the home of hospitable, wistful, strong people.

Atyrau region
In 50 km from the modern city of Atyrau, there is one of perspective tourist routes, regional memorial estate “Khan Ordaly Sarajshyk” who opens all ancient history of the Kazakh people. With the snow-white beauty and greatness of fine creation of human hands amazes this memorial complex of seven khans.

Site of ancient settlement of Sarajdzhuk (the present name – the Shed) along with other cities, has been erected in the first decades of a life of empire – улуса by Zhoshy who then was called as Golden Horde, for management of huge territory from Irtysh to Danube. At first these cities served as points in which palaces and office buildings for the nobility – нукеров were erected, найонов and others operating territory subject by it. Round the central buildings dwellings various люда – handicraftsmen subsequently grew, free inhabitants, merchants and т.д Sarajdzhuk was one of such cities. Constructed on central in the strategic relation a site of a joint of Europe and Asia, it provided safety of a piece of a transcontinental caravan track from the countries of Europe and capital of Golden Horde (the Shed – to Bath and the Shed – Berk) on Volga in cities of Khoresm, Iran, India and China.

The trading road from the Shed to Sarajdzhuka and to Urgench has been supplied further by wells and caravans-sheds. It was the basic way connecting the East and the West. The important geopolitical point on the Great Silk way.

Owing to it in Sarajdzhuke magnificent palaces, a caravan a shed, baths, mosques, медресе and other magnificent buildings were under construction. They were erected by talented masters from the most known architectural schools. The city had well developed lay-out with direct wide streets and the areas.

During stationary researches West Kazakhstan expeditions of Institute of archeology of A.H.Margulana the considerable area of a site of ancient settlement on its different sites, concerning the first period has been opened.

Finds in Shed ruins – глазурные the Iranian pottery and the Khorezm ware from grey clay, the Chinese porcelain products, bone pipes, mattocks, legs, fishing tackles for fishing, nails – confirm that townspeople were engaged in trade, craft, melon growing and truck farming. Here jeweller ornaments typical only for this edge, jugs from the burnt clay with patterns, wax candles, ceramic tableware, water pipes, etc. household goods are found.

Comprehension of the historical importance of Sarajdzhuka, its special role in an initial stage of formation of the Kazakh statehood and exclusive importance of a cultural heritage of ancestors for spiritual communication of generations has led to creation of the muzejno-memorial complex consisting of a symbolical pantheon, an archeology and mosque museum.

Now the memorial complex «the Khan-Ordaly the Shed» causes the big interest from outside visitors, tourists, various delegations both near, and the far abroad.

East-Kazakhstan region
This region can be considered as a united tourist destination. Most important is to consider it in the same way as it would be viewed by a potential customer, e.g. foreign tourist.

Firstly, Eastern Kazakhstan is situated in the center of the Eurasian continent, which is marked by a corresponding memorial, at the crossing point of the 79th parallel and 49th meridian. Additionally, East Kazakhstan has a unique geopolitical position.

The region is located in the spot where four large states connect: Mongolia, Kazakhstan, China and Russia.
Due to these two facts, East Kazakhstan’s uniqueness factor is very high. It is a resource which could be used to create effective advertising.

An interesting peculiarity of East Kazakhstan is the possibility to observe on its territory nearly all varieties of Central Asian landscape in a relatively small area. Its territory can be traversed in one tour. Here one has the opportunity to see:
# Sandy desert landscapes
# Clay canyons
# Classical steppes
# Mountain steppe landscapes
# Deciduous forests and taiga
# Alpine meadows and mountain peaks, whose heights reach 4500 meters above sea level (such as the highest point in the Altai and Siberia – Belukha Mountain).

This unique geographical and geopolitical position, in addition to landscape diversity, caused a mixing of cultures and traditions. During one tour one has the possibility to meet with traditional nomadic Kazakhs, representatives of the Kazakh fishing subculture, and Old Believers and to visit a maral nursery (a traditional occupation of old believers). All this in total provides an interesting, varied and dynamic trip schedule for tourists.

The rich bio-diversity is maintained by 24 nature reserves, whose area amounts to 6% of the total of East Kazakhstan. Rare and endemic animals, which can be viewed here, attract nature lovers: birdwatchers and butterfly watchers. The nominal border between Asian and Siberian fauna lies across the territory of East Kazakhstan.

Special attention should be paid to the territory of the Kazakhstan Altai, which is part of the Altai-Sayan eco-region. By its landscape distinctiveness and biological diversity it is one of 200 priority global eco-regions, defined by the International organization, WWF Living Planet.

To the present day this territory has avoided destructive urbanization.

Thus, the East Kazakhstan region is a region where tourist sites of global uniqueness are available. Its landscape diversity and cultural mix is an effective confirmation of the tourist potential of the region.

Karaganda region
Karaganda region is region in the central part of Kazakhstan, located in the heart of Eurasia, almost equidistant from the Arctic and the Indian, the Atlantic and the Pacific Ocean. Territory of the region is 428 km ². In the region live tenth of the total population of Kazakhstan. Population of region are 1 351 854 people and representatives of over 113 nationalities.
Karaganda region was formed in March 1932. Initially, the regional center was the city Petropavlovsk. On 3 August, 1936 Regional Center is located in Karaganda.

In its present borders, the region was formed in May 1997 it was annexed to the Zhezkazgan region.

Currently, Karaganda region – is the largest area of territory and industrial potential, rich in minerals and raw materials. This is a powerful industrial center. According to economic, cultural and scientific potential, infrastructure area occupies a leading position in Kazakhstan.

Railway connects the region with the cities of CIS countries, Germany and China. International Airport “Sary-Arka” carries out direct flights to Russia, Germany, United Arab Emirates and other countries. Through the Karaganda region passed automobile road which connect Almaty and the capital of Kazakhstan Astana.

Freely and widely spread over the Karaganda region in the vast steppes of Sary-Arka. The region’s territory is the most elevated central part of Kazakhstan hills. From Karkaralinsk mountains in the east to the west of Lake Tengiz, from Ishim in the north to Sherubai-Nura reservoir in the south stretches the wide steppe, where the Kazakh people since ancient times awarded the poetic name of Sary-Arka, which means “yellow mountain range”.

The climate of the area is continental: summer is hot and dry, winter with snowless, but the harsh winds and snowstorms. On summer days temperature can reach 37 degrees. The coldest month is January. Frosts reach up to 40 degrees.

In the area there are more than two hundred large and small rivers. Home artery area – Nura River crosses the province from east to west and empties into one of the largest lakes in Central Kazakhstan is Tengiz. In the south of region situated is the largest lake in Kazakhstan – Balkhash. Its uniqueness lies in the fact that in the eastern part of the water is salty, in the west part is fresh.

The Karaganda region is known in history primarily to the fact that its territory is the northern branch of the ancient Silk Road. Historically, this region was trading artery, a channel for economic and cultural exchange between Kazakhstan and other countries.

In the 30’s and 40’s of the XX century the region was the site of Stalin’s deportation of repressed peoples. Here was stationed notorious Karlag. After II World War stationed in Spassk camp for Germanic, Japanese, Italian and Romanian prisoners of war, which is currently open Memorial to Victims of Stalinist totalitarianism. According to historians, there are 5152 graves of prisoners of war of various nationalities.

Wildlife area is very diverse. In the south and south-west spread over pastures that attract herds of saiga. Also in the field has spread wolves, foxes, gazelles, argali, hares, badgers, wild boars, weasels, ferrets. In pine forests can meet protein.

In lakes and rivers are home to carp, perch, Marina, pike, chebak etc.
Saryarka always ready to truly Kazakh hospitality to tourists from near and far abroad.

Kyzylorda region
Kyzylorda region is situated in the zone of sharp-continental climate. The number of sunny days in the year is more than 300.
The most favorable time to visit the area – September. Summer heat subsides and the autumn cold had not yet come.

The landscape of Kyzylorda region is diverse and offers unforgettable experience, the main one is Syrdaria – wild, giving birth to all living in this region river.

In the south there is a mountain range of Karatau. There are springs with the crystal clear water and amazing taste in the small valleys. The green carpet of grass invites you to relax after a long and hard journey.

South-east region breathes with heat from Kyzylkum desert. Searing heat, singing dunes, quicksands, a monotonous landscape of the desert are fascinating and stay in your memory for a lifetime. In the north – the Aral Sea with its turquoise water and sandy beaches. The reeds of National Nature Reserve Barsa – Kelmes conceal from view nesting of birds and herds of rare species of the steppe animals. From time to time the waves of the sea slightly open secret history of the Middle Ages, introducing gaze ruins of ancient buildings.

Here you can see the fishing of flounder, small fishing boats and try the dishes of freshly caught fish.

The unique attraction of the landscape of Kyzylorda region – is steppe – space, striated with thousands of threads of ancient caravan trails, where the view dissolves into the horizon from east to west and from north to south.

Population of Kyzylorda region belongs to various ethnic groups. The overwhelming majority – Kazakhs, then Koreans, Russian, Tatars, Ukrainians, Jews, representatives of the Caucasian peoples: Chechens, Ingush, Armenians. The urban population is more than rural. Farmers are busy, mainly with livestock, growing of rice, fruits and vegetables. It is in the countryside preserved many folk customs, traditions and ceremonies.

Syrdarya – the ancient cradle of the modern inhabitants of Kyzylorda region and till this day they say about it with reverence: Syr eli, Motherland.

There are many monuments preserved, most of whom were bright jewels on the thread of the Great Silk Road. Ruins of cities such as Jend, Sauran, Yangikent amaze the imagination even nowadays.

Jend: in the tenth century the city belonged to the Turks – Oguz. Since XI century until the Mongol invasion Jend was significant city on the banks of the Syrdarya. Here lived well-known figures of the Muslim world.

According to the medieval opus of Jihan Nam, in the XII century, the Aral Sea was called Jend Sea.

Yangikent: first mention of the city with the same name found in written sources of the tenth century. In Arabic: Al-Karyat al-Hadith, in Persian: Dih-i nau. In the X-XII centuries the city was the headquarters of Oguz rulers.

Sauran: the first documents about Sauran were found in the historical writings of the tenth century. At that time Sauran was known as an important strategic and trading centre on the shores of the Syrdarya. In the middle of the XIII century Sauran was the capital of the Ak Orda (White Horde). At the beginning of XIV century the town was captured by troops of Timur. According to the researches Sauran existed in VII-XVIII centuries.

Kyzylorda region is the motherland of especially honored in all Turkic world, ancient thinker, musician and humanist Korkyt Ata.

There are many cemeteries with mausoleums – monuments to the heroes, sages, poets and philosophers of the Kazakh people. All of them date from the Middle Ages.

Kyzylorda region embraced the spiritual and material embodiment of space – Korkyt Ata – the symbol of search for eternal truths and Baikonur Cosmodrome – the symbol of the achievements of technical ideas of humanity, undoubtedly will be interesting for tourists.

In the regional museum of Kyzylorda You will hear fascinating stories about the history of the region, its traditions and crafts, art and nature. Here, in the museum, you can buy national souvenirs.

All the unique flavor of oriental bazaar, with its noise, diversity of colours and exotic goods, expressive east trade, can be estimated by visiting one of the two major markets in the city of Kyzylorda, or in any other major towns in the area.
Horses, experienced instructors and excellent cross-country skiing areas – at your services at the Kyzylorda city racetrack.
Among the city landscape sightseeings the irrigation ditch Sarkyrama is very interesting. Currently, much renovated, it continues to give citizens the coolness in summer heat.

Kostanay region
Kostanai region is located in the northern part of Kazakhstan. Its administrative center – Kostanay city, founded in 1879, which is located on the Tobol River. In the 16 rural districts and 5 cities: Kostanay, Rudny, Lisakovsk, Zhitikara, Arkalyk.

The region’s territory is characterized by relatively flat relief. Northern part of the south-eastern outskirts of the West Siberian lowlands to the south of it is Torgay plateau in the west region – Trans-undulating plain plateau and the south-west – spurs Saryarki.

The climate is continental, with a pronounced alternation of four seasons. Average temperature in January-18-190S, July +19 +220 C. In winter during the week the temperature reaches minus 25 mark-30C. In the summer – up to 30 C. The annual rainfall of 300-350 mm. in the north region, 240-280 mm. the south.

Mangystau region
Mangistau region is located in southwestern Kazakhstan, east of the Caspian Sea to the plateau Mangyshlak (Mangystau).
It borders on the north-east of Atyrau and Aktobe region in the south – with Turkmenistan and in the east – with Uzbekistan.
Mangistau region – industrial region is 25% of oil extracted in Kazakhstan. Here is Aktau-Zhetybay-Uzen. Gas extraction in the region carry the company Ozenmunaygaz “,” KMG “,” Kazpolmunai “,” Tolkynneftegas. The oil produced is shipped by pipeline at both the domestic market (Aterausky refinery), and for export (via pipeline Aktau-Samara and the sea through the port of Aktau).

In Mangistau region are “sea gates” Kazakhstan – the city of Aktau, which is also the administrative center of the field.
In the city there is a wide selection of hotels, from three to five stars, including the «Renaissance Aktau», part of the global hotel chain «Marriott» and the hotel “Grand Hotel Victory”. Beach season in the city lasted from May to September, the average water temperature is +21 ° C.

Mangistau
Earth Mangistau – is a land of ancient civilization, open-air museum, where 11 thousand historical monuments placed under state protection, a country thousands of rock poems – drawings. Land of unique religious buildings and mosques.

The Great Silk Road took place in ancient times the lands of Mangistau. Along this road stood a fortress, a caravan – barns, settlements of artisans, herders and hunters. Archaeological finds indicate that the region was relatively high standard of living.
Of the corner monuments and treasures of the peninsula called Mangistau

North-Kazakhstan region
The North Kazakhstan oblast is located in the north of Kazakhstan, (Sary-Arka). It occupies the southern part of West Siberian plain and a part of Kazakh low hills.

The area territory is equal to 98,04 thousand km2 that makes 3,6% of republic territory. The major part of area territory is located on the southern suburb of West Siberian plain, where the level surface does not exceed 200 meters, and concerns to Ancient lake Neogene plateau, occupying the big spaces between valleys of the Tobol and Irtysh rivers.

Petropavlovsk is an administrative centre of the region which is located on the right bank of the Ishim River (the left inflow of the Irtysh River). The city population is over 200 thousand people. The administrative-territorial framework of the area includes 5 cities, 1 of them is of oblast significance and 4 cities are of regional significance, 13 rural areas.
The region population is 653,9 thousand people.

There are picturesque landscapes, mountain chains and large forests, botanical reserves and relic pine forests, Shalkar Lake and natural zones of Imantau. Hundreds archaeological, historical and architectural monuments are under state protection. The most interesting archaeological objects are located in the floodplains of the Ishim, Chaglinka and Iman-Burluk rivers. For example, the unique historical monument of an era Eneolita is located in Botaj district, and also an archaeological monument of the Iron Age – a site of ancient settlement of “Ak Iry”.

There is a Chain of big hollows of salt Lakes: Kalibek, Ulkenkaroy, Teke and Seletyteniz in the north-eastern part of the region. There are also lakes known for the mineral salts, healing waters and peloids in the region. One of such unique reservoirs is Majbalyk Lake.

The position of Northern Kazakhstan in the heart of the biggest continent causes its sharply continental climate, the characteristic features of which are a long cold winter with strong winds and snow storms and a short, but hot summer.
Various ecosystems define the variety of animal species. There are up to 160 kinds of mammals and about 200 kinds of birds.
Economic stability of the area is defined by manufacture of the grain which is the main export goods of the region.
The relative amount of the region in total gross domestic product of the country’s agriculture is more than 14%. Agriculture sector makes 31% of GDP in the regional structure of economy.

North Kazakhstan region takes 4% of the republic farmlands and produces a quarter of the republic grain production. It produces 17% of potato, 6% of meat, 11% of milk and 8, 8% of eggs in the country.

During the last years sown areas of grain crops were stabilized and made 3,7 million hectare. Total manufacture of grain were 3124 thousand tons in 2004, 3970 thousand tons in 2005, 5197 thousand tons in 2006, 5678 thousand tons in 2007 and 5018 thousand tons in 2008.

The industrial branch of economy of the region, possessing in high industrial and personnel potential, is presented by a wide spectrum of activity. More than 900 enterprises and manufactures are occupied by industrial production. 15 large and 49 average enterprises work in the industry, by which 68 % of an industrial output of not financial sector is produced. The industry share in a regional GDP is 9-10 %. An industry share in republican GDP is 0, 8 %.

An extent of a road network of common use in the North Kazakhstan area makes 9002,9 km, including: republican value – 1468 km, oblast value – 2432 km, regional value – 5102,9 km.
The mineral base of the North Kazakhstan region.

Almost all kinds of minerals are revealed and studied in region. 286 deposits are explored. Among them 34-metal, 2-nonmetal, 217-building and technological raw materials and 33-underground waters, 6 of them are mineral.

The area territory is a part of North Kazakhstan uran-ore, diamond and tin-bearing rare-metal province. Considerable stocks of mineral raw materials are revealed on it. It represents 65 % of tin, 36, 6% of zirconium, 19% of uranium, 5% of titan and 1, 1% of tungsten obtaining in the republic.

The prospects of mineral base expansion, especially in the south-west area are rather considerable. There is a number of significant deposits of gold, silver, technical and jeweler diamonds, tin, titanium, non-ferrous.

Pavlodar region
The Pavlodar oblast – large industrial centre in Kazakhstan representing diversified industrial complex focused on manufacture of electrical and fuel energy, production of oil processing, mechanical engineering, easy and food-processing industry, building materials. The largest representatives metallurgical industry are joint-stock company “Aluminium of Kazakhstan”, joint-stock company “Kazakhstan electrolises a factory” Aksu factory ferrosplav – branch of joint-stock company “Kazhrom”. The mining industry is submitted such large enterprises as: “Bogatyr Аксес Комир”, “Maicuben Вест”. In oblast one of the large enterprises in Republic on manufacture of petroleum – joint-stock company “the Pavlodar petrochemical factory” works.

The most part of area is within the limits of the south of the West-Siberian plain being greatest plain of globe. The relief of a southwest part of region is very interesting. Among painted in the yellow – brown colour half desert of steppe and melcosopohnic, with poor vegetation can you see a small mountain-wood oasis. It also is one of painting comer of Kazakhstan, one of the best places of rest and tourist campaigns, travels to a fairy tale.

In structure of area three cities: Pavlodar, Ekibastuz, Аksu, four settlements and ten village areas. The centre of area – city Pavlodar, is one of oldest and most beautiful cities of Republic located on a coast Irtysh – the largest river in Kazakhstan. With the poets it(he) admires the visitors by the wide prospectuses and streets, shady parks and avenues, flower beds and fountains, here is clean, light and is cosy at any time of year.

Pavlodar – recognized centre of culture and art of northern Kazakhstan. Pavlodar people sacred preserve monuments of history and cultures of the people. The museums, exhibition, presentation of cultural achievement here are very popular and are visited. The city has a rich history and old cultural traditions. Pavlodar Prirtyshye is Native land of the known figures of a science, culture and art. Kanysh Satpaew, Grigory Potanin, Alkei Margulan, Sultanmahmut Toraigyrow, Shapyk Shokin, Ghumat Shanin, Maschur Ghusup Kopeew, Dihan Abilew, Shaken Aimanow, Gharylgapberdy, Ghayau Musa, Isa Baysakow, Sabit Donentaew, P. Wasiliew and others, glorified not only our area, but also Republic were born here. White stone the strip lengthways Irtysh stretched this benevolent and hospitable city.

The city Ekibastuz on June 12, 2007 has noted the fifty years’ anniversary. The history and occurrence of city is indissolubly connected to development Ekibastuz of a deposit stone comer. In 1954 the operation of the first coal cut began. In 1957 on a card of Kazakhstan the new city – Ekibastuz has appeared. Now population of city and village zone is made of 140 thousand people. One higher educational institution, general educational, five children’s sports, one art and one musical school, more 28 children’s gardens, 40 medical establishments work in city. The central urban library, House of Friendship, in which function 10 etnoculture of the centres, urban museum, Central urban of culture “Oner”, urban park of culture and rest “Miner” concern to cultural – educational objects.

City Аksu (to 1993 – Ermak) – city in the Pavlodar oblast in 50 km to the south from Pavlodar on the left coast Irtysh. The territory of city and its village region borders with Aktogai oblast in north, with Bayanaul, May, Lebiage – in the south, with Pavlodar – in west, with a village zone of city Ekibastuz – in east.

The history of city is indissolubly connected to opening of deposits stone coal in area Ekibastuz. In 1897 from Ekibastuz the construction 109-werst of a railway way began. Sunday the railway passed on territory of the future city. On a place of contact of a road with Irtysh the quay has appeared, two settlements began to develop: administrative and worker. In 1914 the plan of a new settlement Ermak was authorized. On May 4, 1993 the city Еrmаk is renamed into city Аksu. In some years by the decision chief of area from July 9, 1997 the territory abolished Аksu of area is included in borders of city Аksu as a village zone – village districts and settlement Каlkaman are handed to administrative submission of city Аksu.

Modern Аksu is an industrial, agricultural city in the Pavlodar oblast. The population of city are about 70 000 people, of them the village inhabitants more than 29 000 people.

The industrial infrastructure of city is represented two hailstones forming of the enterprise: Аksu factory of ferrosplawof and electrical station the Euroasian power corporation. Power of city from a beginning of 2001 is produced of 5.580.7 millions kilowatt-hour of the electric power and 612.0 gekocalories of a thermal energy. The construction of industrial objects of a factory ferrosplawof began from 1962. In January, 1968 at a factory first ton ferrosplawof was sucelted, and in July, 1970 the start 8 of furnaces of shop № 2 was finished. In 1995 the enterprise was included in structure Transnational of the company Kazhrom.

Major strategic object of city is the channel Irtysh-Karaganda of a name K.Satpaew. The channel Irtysh-Karaganda is basic supplier of drinking water in central and northern parts of Kazakhstan. The village region of city Аksu consists of 1 settlement, 3 villages and 11 village districts. Agricultural specialization of village region of city Аksu: meat – dairy animal industries, vegetable – potatoes drive, bird drive.

South-Kazakhstan region
South Kazakhstan region is located within the eastern part of the Turan lowlands and western foothills of Tien Shan. It is one of the major regions of the country. The region borders on the east with Zhambyl, on the north with Karaganda, on the west with Qyzylorda areas, on the south with the Republic of Uzbekistan.

The region’s territory is 117,3 thousand square km. Most part of the territory is plain, with knobby-ridged sands Kyzylkum, steppes Shardara and Moyynkum. The northern part is occupied by desert Betpak-Dala, in the extreme south – Myrzashol steppe. Central part of the region occupies Karatau range, on the south-east – the western outskirts of Talas Alatau, ridges Karzhantau and Ugam.
The administrative-territorial structure of the area consists of 4 regional and 4 towns of district meaning, 11 rural districts. The administrative center – is Shymkent city, with more than half a million people. The city is a part of ancient cities of Central Asia, has a rich history and culture.

The population of the region is 2.5 million people, the volume of the urban population of which is 36,8%.
The region is located in a zone of extreme continental climate. Fertile soil, abundant sunlight, vast pastures create great opportunities for development in the area of various sectors of agriculture, especially irrigated agriculture and grazing sheep.

There are deposits of polymetallic ores (south-western slope of the ridge Karatau near Kentau town, Achisayskoe, Bayzhansayskoe, Mirgalimsayskoe fields, etc.). Large industrial interest are iron ore deposits of Karatau Ridge. There are mineral resources for the production of building materials (limestone, gypsum, quartz sand, refractory ceramic and bentonite clays, mineral paints, semi-precious stones) in the South Kazakhstan region. There are 182 large and medium-sized enterprises, producing about 2,0% of the total industrial production in Kazakhstan in regional industry.

Exports are carried out in 47 countries, the region imported products from 87 countries. In the structure of exports of goods account for the bulk of mineral products – 38,1%, chemical products – 24%, foodstuffs – 20.3%, textile products – 11,9%, production of iron and steel industry – 4,3%.

Field has two lines of railways, the total length of 444.6 km of public roads 5,2 thousand kilometers. Civil aviation is working on the lines of 27 thousand kilometers.

One of the priorities in the region development is a small business. At present, the number of employed in small business in the whole area is 340.7 thousand people or 30% of the total economically active population.

There are 4 state higher education institutions, 1032 secondary schools. Also there are 10 branches of political parties in the region, 20 national-cultural centers, 71 youth associations in the area.

South Kazakhstan Region is famous for its historical memorials – burial mounds, ancient settlements, fortresses, mausoleums and ancient towns. One of the most popular attractions, located on the Kazakh segment of the Silk Road is a unique complex – the Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yassaui in the city of Turkestan, which is considered the “second Mecca” of all the Turkic-speaking countries of the world. Since 2004, the mausoleum is included in the list of world cultural heritage by UNESCO.

There are natural resources that can be used for treatment and rest on the territory of the region. These include mineral water, wells of which are located in 20 km to the south of Kentau, sanatorium Saryagash, in the foothills of the Karatau, as well as healing environment for people with diseases of the cardiovascular system in the White Sea and Tyulkubas.

Favorable areas for recreation are areas adjacent to the Aksu-Zhabagly nature preserve, and foothills Ugam Boralday, Karzhantau mountains, valleys, rivers Arys, Syr Darya, Aksu, Sayramsu.

The West Kazakhstan
About the regions of Kazakhstan. Tourism regions of Kazakhstan The West Kazakhstan – is the gateway to the central and southern parts of Kazakhstan and to the Central Asia. The Western region is located on the northwest of the republic.

On the north this area is surrounded by gently sloping foothills of the Ural Mountains, on the south of the region is surrounded by deserts of Turkmenistan, is located on the east of the Aral Sea, on the west the Caspian Sea. The surface of this part of Kazakhstan is predominantly plain, the position of this region of Kazakhstan within the large continent makes its climate is strongly continental. In summer the temperature rises to +45 degrees Celsius, in winter the temperature drops to – 45 degrees Celsius. Rivers in this region are small.

The only river which reaches the Caspian Sea – the Ural, the other rivers for are dry in hot summer. Rich natural resources, favorable location, growing economy, associated with many cities in Russia and other countries create favorable conditions for the successful development of foreign economic activity of the region. The West Kazakhstan includes the Western Kazakhstan, Atyrau, Aktobe and Mangistau region. Its vast territory stretches 1,200 km from the north to the south and 1,300 km from the west to the east. The main rivers – Ural, Emba. The largest lakes – Inder, Aralsor, Kamys-Samara. The important role in the region is the Caspian Sea.

In the region has more than 100 years is oil, Atyrau is the center of the extraction and conservation of black caviar. Through the whole territory of Mangistau over 2000 years was passed the Great Silk Road, now the most interesting tourist route. The presence of attractive landscapes in conjunction with the diversity of fauna Ustyurt reserve, unique monuments of nature and many historical and cultural monuments that abound Mangistau, the picturesque places of the coast of the Caspian Sea are of great interest for potential tourists.

Aktobe region is one of the most important industrial areas of the Republic. The area is occupies the territory of about 300,000 sq km In the north of Aktobe region bordered by Russia, in the south by Uzbekistan. An interesting fact that from the east and west side of three Kazakh region adjacent to each other. In the east is Kostanay, Karaganda and Kyzylorda region, and in the west – Atyrau, Mangystau and West Kazakhstan region. Atyrau region – an area of the western Kazakhstan, where there are many mountain slopes and absolutely white stone spheres of fantastic shapes, sometimes reaching up to 2 meters in diameter.

This protected area is located limestone plateau, which was once the bottom of a prehistoric ocean. The Caspian and Aral Sea – is the remnant of an ancient ocean. Dry steppe zone are replaced by marshy banks of the river Ural (Kazakh Zhayik), reminiscent swamps of Florida. This is a real paradise for waterfowl. It can swim only a hovercraft. Flocks of swans, ducks and geese rush past startled tourists affected by their myriad. Unique peninsula, so called by those who attended and those who live in Mangistau region.

This region is rich in oil and gas, ores and minerals. Today Mangistau region is also the edge of the tourist and recreational facilities with a rich cultural heritage. Archaeological Sites On the north of Kyzana, on the Coast of Dead Kultuk were found ancient graves. They date back to about 4-5 centuries BC. Oe. Experts recognize that this discovery may provide a new information about ancient peoples Saxkey Massagetskogo period who roamed in these parts. Located 18 km from the town Shetpe the place Akmysh attracts tourists not only its own beauty, and the historical monuments of the ancient city of Kyzyl-Kala (“red city” in Kazakh).

Three kilometers from Akmyshsaya are picturesque gorges of Samal and Sazanbay. 30 km from Fort-Shevchenko is another attractive place – the tract of Hanga-Baba. Spring water, thickets of hawthorn, blackberry, mulberry, elm, poplar. Here is an ancient necropolis of Hanga-Baba with the mosque. Tours on Mangyshlak Fascinating and extreme travel to Kazakhstan Traveling through Kazakhstan, even the most venerable international tourism experts come to the conclusion that almost a third of the country’s tourism resources are concentrated in the Mangistau. It is warm Caspian Sea, washing the peninsula on three sides, and a rich cultural and historical heritage of the region with many historical and religious buildings and monuments dating from XIV-XVI centuries, and the earlier period.

Mangistau is interesting and diverse landscapes: Karakaya basin, sands Thuesu, a ledge Kulandy, quaint mountain Tynymbay and Bokty, clay takyrs and white salinas, steep scarps and the pointed steeples Ustyurt plateau, and near the mountains Sherkaly scattered huge stone balls. Many animal species inhabiting on the territory of the region , and plants growing here are listed in the International Red Book and Red Book of Kazakhstan. The most interesting cemeteries of Mangyshlak – Becket-ata, Shopan-ata, Shakpak-ata, seis-ata, Masato Ata, Karaman-ata-ata Koshkar, Sultan-EPE, Hanga-Baba, Kent woman Ushtam, Akshora and others.

Zhambyl region
Zhambyl oblast, located in the South of the country, was founded in 1939. In geographical aspect its territory is predominately flat. The oblast\’s territory is 144.2 thousand square km. There are 10 districts in the oblast, the city of oblast subordination is Taraz, and those of district subordination are Karatau, Zhanatas and Shu. The permanent population of the oblast is 1 mln. people. The population is presented by more than 100 nationalities and peoples. 65% of the permanent population is the Kazakh. It should be noted that the territory of the oblast is inhabited unequally.

The characteristic peculiarity of the oblast\’s climate is considerable dryness and sharp continentality. Flora and fauna of natural resources is vast and varied. The vegetative world of the oblast numbers more than 3 thousand species. The total area of hunting grounds is 13.9 thousand hectares, in this area live over 40 species of animals. he fish industry fund occupying the area of 27.8 hectares includes 81 water reservoirs, 59 of which are fit for fish industry activity. Among large-scale storage ponds there can be named the Tatsokelskoe reservoir and the Ters-Ashibulakskoe reservoir.

The predominate food fish are carp, sazan, zander, bream, vobla and others. On the territory of the oblast functionate three game reserves: The state natural game reserve “Urochishche “Berkara” (complex), with the common area of 17.5 thousand hectares, where it is possible to meet with more than 50 species of the most valuable woody-shrubby and herbaceous plants recorded in the Red Book, and from animals – arhar, the Indian porcupine, paradise flycatcher, The state natural game reserve “Urochishche “Karakunuz” (botanic), with the common area of 3.07 thousand hectares, located in western spurs of Zailiiskiy Alatau. Fruit plantations of apple-tress, cherry-trees, cherry-plums, grapes are changed with districts of maple forest, locust, mulberry-tree, walnut; the Andasaiskiy state natural game reserve (zoological), with the common area of 1000 thousand hectares, located on the right bank of the Shu river to the West of Moiynkum village. In the herbage prevail feather-grass, fescue, saxaul the black, thickets of bushy willows.

The animal world is presented by arhars, koulans, roes, dzheirans, hogs, hares, pheasants, partridges. The orientation of the oblast is industrial-agrarian, 23.8 % of the gross production is for industry, 20.2% – for agriculture, 16.6% – for transport and communications, 6.5% – for building, 9.2% – for trdae, 23.7 % – for other fields. In 7 village centers prevail the agrarian sector; in the rest three regions industry is more developed due to the presence of large mining-ore complexes. The considerable contribution to the development of industry is made by enterprises of the oblast center – the city of Taraz.

Zhambyl oblast is a unique base of phosphorite and fluor-spar raw stuff. In its territory there 71.9 % of balance stores of the Republic\’s phosphorites, 68% of fluor-spar, 8.8 % of gold, 3% of copper, 0.7% of uranium. The oblast is rich with non-ferrous metals, barite, facing, board and technical stones, building materials. In the bounds of the Shu-Sarysuiskaya cavity there have been discovered several fields of natural gas. From the beginning of working-out of Amangeldinskoe gas field there have been drilled 18 wells, with the day\’s supply of the blue fuel up to 820 thousand cubic meters. Building of the mini-factory for processing the gas condensate is soon to be finished.

The oblast\’s population is supplied with its own gas. The perspective fields of lead-zinc mineralization have been discovered in Shu-Iliskiy region. The mining of copper ore is realized in the Shatyrkulskoe field of polymetals in Shuskiy district. The oblast has the third place in the Republic with the quantity of explored stores of underground waters. There have been discovered 40 fields with the determined stores of 4520.94 thousand cubic meters/day. The industrial interest is presented by salt fields in Sarysuiskiy district. The stores of fodder and technical salt are 10 mln. tons.

During the processing of salt by the way of water flushing white salt can be got which doesn\’t require enrichment by iodine and corresponding to the requirements of all-Union State Standards. In the bounds of Zhaymbyl oblast there have been explored 2 fields of medicinal mineral waters: Merkenskoe, with the fixed store of 0.518 thousand cubic meters/day, and Uzynbulak-Arasan; there have been found more than ten manifestations and districts of underground waters according to their chemical composition, similar to mineral ones.

The oblast has great possibilities for the development of tourism, home as well as international. Through this territory went a district of the Great Silk Road: Sairam village – Taraz – Aksholak – Ajyr-tobe station – Kulan – Merke – Shu – Aspara – Kordai, on the way of which there are interesting monuments and history and culture. The oblast is included in the state programme “Revival of historical centers of the Great Silk Road, preservation and successive development of cultural legacy of the Turki-speaking states and formation of infrastructure of tourism”.

Nur-Sultan (Astana)
Named as the ‘Singapore of the steppes’ by Lonely Planet, Nur-Sultan is the first introduction to Kazakhstan for many travelers. The world’s youngest capital, formerly known as Astana, it has already reinvented itself as one of the most innovative cities. Nur-Sultan is constantly changing and rapidly expanding: new buildings appear every year and every time you visit, the city may seem quite different from what you remember from the last time.

Almaty
Almaty is one the most beautiful cities at the foot of the emerald Tien Shan ridges and is called a “garden city”. In spring, when the southern outskirts are buried in blossom of apple, apricot, and cherry gardens, the city becomes a fabulous sight. Its magnificent green attire and the grand panorama of the mountains distinguish Almaty from other cities.

Exotic Almaty tourism is something that the traveler within one day can become a witness of the five climatic zones. Follow the path from the hot desert to the eternal snows. The natural complex of this region contributes to the prosperity of the various kinds of tourism.

The city is located in the heart of the Eurasian continent, in the south-east of Kazakhstan, at the foot of the Tien Shan mountains at an elevation of 700 to 1100 meters above sea level.

The climate of the city is is sharply continental, with large temperature fluctuations, not only within a year, but during the days.

Almaty is located in the most blessed place in Kazakhstan, i.e. one of the most climatically balanced places in Central Asia, despiteits sharply continental climate.

There are a lot of unique places near Almaty – from the peak of Khan Tengri and snowy trails of Shymbulak to the Silk Road routes.

The town is buried in the green: 10 000 hectares of its territory are occupied by parks, trees, parks and gardens. The central streets and avenues slipping down from south to north, taking the example of three mountain streams – Esentay, Large and Small Almatinka that rush down, feeding aryk and fountains, fields and gardens.

Almaty is great in the evenings and at nights, straight rows of colorful lights, sparkling beads of golden, white, orange lights… The lights of shop windows, cafes, restaurants, entertainment centers are lit until dawn. Garden-city, a bright flower in the foothills of Alatau is considered one of the most beautiful cities of Central Asia. Almaty residents are sure that their city is the one of the best cities in the world.

Aktau
In 1963, the settlement of Aktau received town status. The city is a major oil and gas production center, and is known for its unique heated oil pipeline. Galleries of petroglyphs from the age of nomads (10th-2nd centuries B.C.) have been found on great mounds in the heart of the peninsula, as well as a necropolis with grave markers decorated with complex ornamentation. Two ancient underground mosques, built a thousand years ago, were discovered near Ungazy mountain. The most interesting of these two is Shahbagota mosque, because though Islam banned the portrayal of people or their body parts, on the walls of this mosque, surrounded by lotus blossoms, is a painting of a man’s palm.

The population of Aktau is around 175,000. It is one of the most prosperous towns in this part of Kazakhstan, built in the 1960s on Mangyshlak peninsula. It is the center of the Kazakh oil and gas industry and a Caspian seaport. The only nuclear power station in the country was built not far from Aktau, which also famously powers the city’s desalination plant. Some interesting places: underground mosques (10th-12th c.), necropolis (9th-19th c.) on the territory of which there are many stone statues, Beket-Ata necropolis, mausoleums, excavations of Kuskuduk (an ancient settlement on the territory of Kazakhstan), the territory of the ancient town of Kzyl-Kalda (10th-12th c.), the town of Fort Shevchenko (construction began in the 18th c.), Karagie hollow, 132m below sea level and the 3rd deepest depression in the world, Mangystau desert, and of course the Caspian Sea.

Aktobe – a city on a Great Silk Way
Aktobe is one of the prospering regions of the Republic Kazakhstan, which has huge economic, cultural and tourist strength. The advantage of the area is that it has an advantageous geographical position, being on at the joint of Europe and Asia.

Caravans of a great Silk way passed through this earth, connecting cities and the countries. Lines of highways cross throughout an up-to-date map of area, largest of which is a global transport corridor «the Western Europe – the Western China». Railroad lines last in all directions, both in European, and Asian parts of the Euroasian continent. The sky covers a network of the international airways. Almost all airlines of the world use the services of the up-to-date regional air navigation dispatch centre. Modern international airport “Aktobe” is capable to accept aircrafts of all types. Throughput of terminals makes more than thousand passengers at an o’clock. Region’s climate is sharp-continental. Long winter with a steady snow covers, frosty and the sunny days attract you to ski walks, driving on sledge, winter hunting and sub glacial fishing.

Summer is hot with torrential rains, mushrooms and berries. In the spring steppes open spaces blossom snowdrops and tulips, poppies and cornflowers. The autumn comes in the crimson dress with gold locks of hair, reminding Pushkin’s «feast for the eyes». The total area of the region is 300 sq. km. One of the unique nature sanctuaries of the land is the meteoric crater Zhamanshin also found in territory of area. The crater has been formed 700 thousand years ago as a result of falling to the Earth a large meteorite; at various times repeated geologo-geographical researches here were conducted.

It is possible to name a Yurta as a masterpiece of an applied art of the Kazakh people; it’s the dwelling of the nomad tribes which have remained till our times. The ancient traditions connected with ethnic history, social and environmental conditions are reflected in national suits of Kazakhs, jewellery ornaments. The population of the Aktobe region makes more than 700 thousand persons. There live almost hundred nationalities and nations. The regional Nation Assembly of Kazakhstan counts 15 national-cultural centres which participate in all mass events by showing customs and traditions of its nations, and also promoting cross-cultural interaction.

The administrative centre of the region is Aktobe city, which was based on the place of a fortress of Ak tobe (the White hill) in 1869. It is a green modern megacity with its sights, sculptures and the monuments, which displays land’s history. The centres of religious culture are a mosque and the orthodox cathedral, connected unusual beauty water-green parkway with a singing fountain and the small architectural forms executed in national style became original cards of the city. Modern trading-entertaining complexes with the huge children’s playgrounds, an ice skating rink, cinemas, bowling, rock-climbing wall. The traditional horse and camel jumps accompanying by mass celebratory events involve tourists. Let’s add that our city will be remembered by comfort and luxury to tourists and visitors.

Modern luxurious hotels from 3 to 5 stars, restaurants with refined dishes of the Kazakh, Russian, Armenian, Korean, Chinese and Italian kitchens also are a tourism infrastructure integral part. Services for all tastes, the interesting, sated leisure waits for everyone who will visit this surprising, warmly welcoming land.

Atyrau
The city of Atyrau, located in the stern, but at their beautiful part of the planet Earth, namely, in the Caspian lowland, in the mouth of the confluence of the Ural River in the Caspian Sea. Geographically, the city of Atyrau, located in western Kazakhstan and is the regional center of Atyrau region.

The city is located on both sides of the Ural River. The history of the area and the city has for many centuries. The first mention found in the III – IV centuries BC, and the city begins its chronicle in 1640.

The land is harsh, but generous. The Caspian Sea and Ural River is rich in fish and the depths of the oil. And so the main richness red fish and black caviar, oil and gas. No wonder the crest of the city of sturgeon and oil derrick.

Today Atyrau – the main hydrocarbon region of Kazakhstan, the largest center for oil and gas, a promising market investments. Well, black caviar from Atyrau well-known in the CIS and Europe.

History of the region, consisting of the Millennium, knows a lot of events and dates, all included in the chronicle of her life, knows many national heroes, whose names are sacred is revered and remembered by the people.

In 1991 Gurievskaya region was renamed in Atyrau, the regional center Guriev – in the city of Atyrau.

The city of Karaganda
The city of Karaganda is an industrial center, an important railway and air routes, the city of high science and culture, a lively point of many tourist routes. The city was founded on February 10, 1934. In economic, scientific and cultural potential of Karaganda takes one of the leading places in Kazakhstan, which has 471.8 thousand people and representatives of more than 113 nationalities. The territory of the city is 497.8 square kilometers. In Karaganda coal mining, machine building, metalworking and food industries are enterprised. In the city there are a large number of enterprises of transport and communications. It is believed that the city got its name from the common in these places bush Karagan (yellow acacia).

Even in the XIX century on а place of the city was nothing. Legend says that in 1833 a shepherd boy Appak Baizhanov found coal. At the end of XIX century the production of coal, begun from Russian merchants, then the French and British entrepreneurs. Cultural life of the city is an interesting and diverse. In the town of connoisseurs of art are waiting for the concert hall “Shalkyma”, where recitals of classical music are the composers, conductors and musicians.

Also, residents and visitors welcome to Kazakh Drama Theatre after name S.Seyfullin, Russian Drama Theatre after name K.Stanislavskii and Academic Theater of Musical Comedy, Karaganda Regional History Museum has in its fund of 134 810 exhibits. The Karaganda Regional Museum of Arts, Karaganda Ecological Museum, which are specialized in the preservation and development of ecological culture. Within the city there are about 50 monuments of history and culture: Culture Palace of the miners, Sports Palace named after N.Abdirov, hotel “Chaika”, the circus, monuments for Bukhar zhyrau, G.Mustafin, A.Baizhanov “Miner’s Glory”, military glory monument “Eternal Flame”, architectural memorial ensemble in honor of the war-Karaganda, who died in Afghanistan, and others.

Kostanay City
City of Kostanay was founded in 1879. At the beginning of XX century the city was a major trading center and was one of the important parts of the path connecting Asia and Russia. At the time, Kostanay city was a big fair, two-story wooden house, the air was dust and the streets were covered with sand. Despite this, a Swiss citizen Lorets (Lorez) has built the largest in the Southern Urals and on the territory of Kazakhstan plant production capacity of beer, which flowed in a specially branded bottles produced, in those days was uncommon. In 1950 the population of the city and the area has increased markedly in connection with the development of virgin lands. In the postwar period to date in the Kostanai region continue to meet the huge harvests of cereal crops. On the eastern edge of town, on the part of the Tobol River was established label with a five-meter numbers like this: “385 thousand tons of grain, where the number of tons updated every week.

Kyzylorda
The territory of the city is 2,4 thousand sq. m.

Population is 200.9 thousand people.
In 1818 was founded the fortress Akmechet by Kokand Khanate after the conquest of the shores of the lower flows of Syrdarya River to Karmakchi. The fortress was built by more than 10 thousand Kazakhs from surrounding villages. It is based on the nodal point of the caravan road from Bukhara and Khiva in central and northern Kazakhstan and from East to West.

In 1853 Kokand fortress Akmechet was conquered by the Orenburg governor-general V.A. Perovsky. The fortress was renamed by the Decree of the King on August 31 the same year in Fort Perovski. In 1867, due to creation of Turkenstan General Government was created Syrdarya region consisting of five counties. Centre of Perovski County became Perovski fort, which became the city Perovsk. In 1901, was started the construction of Orenburg-Tashkent railway, that passed through Perovsk, which led to a sharp increase in the number of the population of the city. Construction of the railway was finished in 1906. The locomotive and wagon depots, servicing the railroad industry appeared.

After the construction of the railroad city’s population had increased to 8328 people. In 1922 the city Perovsk was renamed Akmechet. On April 17, 1925 at the V Congress of Soviets of the Kirghiz SSR Akmechet city became capital of the Republic and was renamed Kyzyl-Orda. At the same congress, the people got their historical name of “Kazakh”, and the Republic – The Kazakh SSR. The population of the city was 22,577 people. Since 1931 Kyzylorda was the district center, and from 15 January 1938 is the regional center.

In 1940, started the construction of Kyzylorda dam, which was completed in 1958. In 1958-1959 was completed construction of a shoe factory. In 1964 CHP-6 began its work. It emerged on the basis of two power stations, which worked in 1958-1962. In 1963 began the construction of meat processing plant, completed in 1966. In 1974, on the basis of machine-testing station was set up factory “Kyzylordarismash”.

Ust-Kamenogorsk
Ust-Kamenogorsk city was founded as a Russian fort in 1720. Ust-Kamenogorsk later became a center of trade with Mongolia and China and the gateway to the mineral wealth of the Rudny Altay mountains.

Ust-Kamenogorsk city is now Kazakhstan major center of nonferrous metallurgy (lead, zinc, titanium, and magnesium) with important associated research institutes and laboratories.

Other industries of Ust-Kamenogorsk city include food processing and machine building. Ust-Kamenogorsk city is also an important transport junction.

There are teacher-training, construction and road-building institutes, as well as various technical colleges in Ust-Kamenogorsk city of Kazakhstan. A large hydroelectric station lies upstream on Irtysh river.

PAVLODAR CITY
Pavlodar city is ancient city was appeared in the beginning 18 centuries as one of the advanced posts of Irtysh of a military line.

The national legends informed us that before XVIII century on the place where Pavlodar city is located the nomadic generations including for Kazakh people established the yurts in the summer time. But the yurt, s settlement had not the name and they were not on the map. Probably, so the landscape looked, when in 1720 on a place modern Pavlodar kaxaki have based an advanced post Koryakowsk as one of parts of a line. ” … This advanced post all other on Irtysh is more multicrowded, has best there structure. High and open there steppe, on which the advanced post lays, the valley with pleasant islands, taking place on the river, gives to his rule still large pleasantly … “, – the traveller P.S. Pallas in 1770 years.

In 1861 under the initiative of local merchants stanica is erected in a rank of city, to which the name Pavlodar is appropriated in honour of newborn prince Pavel. Convenient site of city, presence of quay, industrial production salt – all this has resulted in fast growth of city. The large development was got with trade with steppe. The merchants, occupied the city, was given to it with new shape, has appeared much rich of wooden houses, churches, mosque. These buildings till now decorate an old part of city Pavlodar.

Approximately in 100 years after reception of the status of city within development of a virgin soil Pavlodar has gone through the fastest development. The transformation of city into an industrial centre is connected to construction in Pavlodar of a Tractor and Aluminium factory. Today Pavlodar is the centre of the Pavlodar area, one of the basic industrial centres of Kazakhstan.

To the beginning 20 centuries Pavlodar became one of the biggest cities on Irtysh. Pavlodar is modern industrial and cultural city. Аre the oldest houses in Siberian “merchant” style neighborhood with modern buildings. Modern Pavlodar was stretched during 16 kms, on a coast Irtysh, which forms western border of city and defines his character. The green quay Irtysh involves the inhabitants and visitors of city. If from here to look at west, as far as the eye only steppe, infinite sky and Irtysh with abrupt wild slopes suffices.

Pavlodar is one of the largest industrial centres of Kazakhstan: here there are enterprises with a various branch orientation, processing of petroleum, mechanical engineering, construction, power, chemical industry and metallurgy. Besides about аbout 7000 enterprises of small and average business make foodstuff and consumer goods. Since 2003 the cargo shipping company on Irtysh is renewed. In spite of the fact that in Pavlodar there are no representations of the international companies many from the Pavlodar firms have long-term of the attitude with the enterprises of Germany. For example, Aluminium factory or joint-stock company “Dew”.

PETROPAVLOVSK
The administrative centre of the North Kazakhstan area is the city of Petropavlovsk, which claims its lineal descent since 1752, as St Peter’s fortress, the major outpost on of the Presno-Gorkovskaya line of outposts. The necessity for bread and fodder promoted peasants settling round the fortress. Soldiers and dragoons had the right to build their own houses outside the fortress. The foothills were the most convenient place for this purpose. Streets gradually grew there, restricting to the river. For the purpose of safety the suburb was enclosed by fencing. An entry and an exit were protected by special sentries.

In 1759 the first school for soldier’s children was opened in fortress. The first coat of arms was confirmed on September 7, 1842. The image of a camel in a silver field on the hill, loaded with two bales and led by caravaneer is shown on it. In 19th century, keeping its strategic value, the city turned into the centre of trade and economic relations and spiritual contacts of the Kazakh and Russian people. After a Great fire on May 2, 1849, which exterminated 450 houses, the new building of Petropavlovsk began in its upland. The resettlement of peasants from the European part of Russia and the building of the Siberian railway promoted the development of the city.

An agricultural production delivery to the Russian and European markets started. The oil went from Petropavlovsk to St.Petersburg, Moscow, Riga, Odessa, Samara, Vladivostok, and also to England, Germany and Denmark. Large enterprises appeared – a skinnery of Zenkov brothers, cattle-breeding raw materials processing plant of Swiss Akkola. Eventually the city became not only administrative, but also cultural city. Petropavlovsk is the native land of classics of the Kazakh literature: Sabit Mukanov, Gabit Musrepov, Magzhan Zhumabaev and Ivan Shuhov. Peter Ershov, the author of a world famous fairy tale “The Little Humpbacked Horse”, has spent his childhood in St. Peter and Paul fortress; Nikolay Tchizhov, a poet-Decembrist, lived in exile there, Sergey Durov, Feodor Dostoevsky’s friend, a poet-petrashevets, served there; Yaroslav Gashek, the Czech writer, did an international work in days of Kolchak exemption; Pavel Vasilev, a bright original poet, studied there; an outstanding writers Vsevolod Ivanov and Sergey Markov made their first steps in the literature; a well-known fiction writer Alexander Kazantsev lived in the city.

The life paths of poet Bajmagambet Ztulin and a talented translator George Tvertin held there, an outstanding Kazakh educator and democrat Shokan Ualihanov wrote F.M.Dostoevsky letters from Petropavlovsk. Tleuke Kupenin, a native of North Kazakhstan oblast, known as Shal Akin, played a major role in the Kazakh literature. Moldahmet Tyrbiev, an akyn-improvisator, is known far outside of Priishime. Legendary Kozhabergen Zhyrau and Segiz Sery created their fine songs there.

Today the population of the regional centre is over 200 thousand people. The labour of many generations turned the city into a large centre of an economic and cultural life. The position of the North Kazakhstan on a joint of two major trunk-railways: Trans-Siberian and Transkazakhstan, the presence of such powerful industrial bases as Kuzbas, Ural Mountains and the Central Kazakhstan to the east, west and south of the region, and also a developing oil and gas complex of the frontier Tyumen region of the Russian Federation – all these factors are very important for its industrial development.

During the last years the city of Petropavlovsk became the centre of the largest grain sowing and grain producing region of Kazakhstan, where more than 3 million hectares of land were sown with crops, and the gross grain makes 25 % of republican crop yields.

Taraz
The city of Taraz, which is located in the south – west part of the Zhambyl Oblast in the centre of Talas -Asa oasis, on the left bank of the Talas River. The population of the city is over 348,900 people and its territory covers 110 square kilometers (length extension is 23.5 km, width extension is 12.5 km.). The distance from Taraz to Astana (the capital) is 1,255 km.

Besides the regional center there are three towns of district subordination – Karatau, Zhanatas and Shu. Altogether in Taraz there are six archeological memorials (Taraz and Tortkul sites of ancient settlement of the 1st 17th centuries, Tonkeris manor of the 6th -12th centuries), 13 historic monuments, 53 memorials of architecture and urban planning, which reflect formation periods of the planning structure and the site development of historical part of the town, and seven pieces of monumental art.

Shymkent – a city of special power
Researchers of Southern Kazakhstan consider that pioneer settlements in Shymkent have appeared on boundary ХI – XII centuries. However, last finds of archeologists give the grounds to to consider that here there lived people still in VI – VII centuries. The first mention of the city of Shymkent has appeared in 1425 in the book Persian historian Sharaf a hell – a dyne of Ali of “Zafar Name”.

The city is located at a crossroads of the Great Silk way. It surrounds the most ancient cities of the Middle Ages – Otyrar
, Isfidzhab (nowadays to Sauries), Jassy (Turkestan), Sjutkent, Syganak, Sauran and others …
In an environment of such legendary cities modern Shymkent continues to remain historical and cultural sight of the south of Kazakhstan, having the industrial infrastructure and attractive sphere of tourist rest.

In the centre of Shymkent the site of ancient settlement which is of interest not only for scientists, and students – historians, but also tourists has remained. On old pictures the city remained such what today nobody can remember it.
Museums.

The largest museum – regional historical – of regional studies. At it the art gallery representing creativity local of authors functions.

Now the city grows in breadth and up. Today in Shymkent lives about 700 thousand persons whereas still ten years ago the population did not exceed 400 thousand persons. The region Represents themselves the most multinational part of the country in which adjoin with each other and is enriched the culture and traditions by people more than 100 different nationalities.
There is in a city a museum of victims of political reprisals, a museum of the politician of the country of A.Kunaeva. From private creative projects work artly – theatrical salon, gallery “АРТ-21”, Vladimir Vysotsky’s museum.
City artists present creative works in different styles and directions.

Souvenirs can be got in art – theatrical salon Korlan Kusainovoj or in ethnic departments of supermarkets.

Entertainments
Night clubs, bowlings , city parks, modern trading – the entertaining centres – indispensable attributes of an entertaining life of Shymkent.

Game golf courses – modern hobby Shymken habitans.
Rest zone represent park with its unique collection of valuable breeds of trees valuable with its unique collection, a zoo – the second for the importance in republic, a hippodrome and the non-polluting to it non-polluting and improved territory, an entertaining oasis with lake Tulpar.

Horse games – national pride of Kazakhstan. Most fascinating of them pass on a Shymkent hippodrome.
In Shymkent on one square metre possibility to try as a dish of a traditional Kazakh cuisine, and bowling delicacy Uigur, Tatar, Uzbek, Russian, Armenian, Georgian, a Greek cuisine will be presented to you.

The most tasty besparmak prepare in Shymkent. And the dress with national dishes in a city the European cuisine is developed. Thus, for all tastes it is possible to find that will be necessary for soul and a stomach without problems.

Zhezkazgan city
Zhezkazgan – a city of central Kazakhstan, situated on 1,761 square kilometers with a population of 96,7 thousand people from Bogota industrial infrastructure, with many cultural, educational and sports institutions. The city was founded on Dec. 20, 1954. On the territory of Zhezkazgan region found more than 1500 monuments of history and culture. Especially a lot of them on the banks of rivers Sarysu.yu Sary Kengir. In one historical and cultural complex includes Zhezkhazgan urban historical and archeological museum, museum of history of mining and smelting business, the memorial house-museum of the first Academy of Sciences of Kazakhstan Kanysh Satpayev discovered mineral resources Zhezkazgan.

Great Kazakh scientist metallurgist, miner and geologist Academician KI Satpayev figuratively speaking, was the godfather of Zhezkazgan mining and metallurgical plant, dreamed of opening in Zhezkazgan University. And his winged dream came true. Young Zhezkhazgan University O. Baykonurova, Zhezkazgan musical and medical colleges are preparing vysokprofessionalnyhspetsialistov and learn new educational technologies. In the city of metallurgists has more than 20 cultural sites, including Zhezkhazgan Kazakh-The dramatic theater im.S.kozhamkulova and Young People’s Theatre.

A distinctive feature of this Zhezkazgan – Ulytau Mountains, which are far from the city. Ulytau (Great Mountain) is the historical center of the Kazakh people, the epicenter of the nomadic steppe culture of civilization. Mountain Range Ulytau is visible for many miles, stretched from north to south for 200 km. The high point is vertex Aulie-Tau, very similar to the image of the “World Mountain,” a manifestation of the ancient cult of Mt.

It is possible that her image could be paired with the symbol of tribal Mountains – a guardian and protector, a sacred place. Huge mounds, cemeteries, mausoleums Begazy-Dandybay culture, rock paintings, petroglyphs, mining, metallurgical furnace in which the melted copper, tin, silver, gold and other ancient monuments are found and studied by scientists indicate that Ulytau since ancient times was the center of Saryarki and throughout the steppes. Ulytau is a national shrine of the Kazakh people, imbibed the millennial spirit of our ancestors, covered with legends, sung by poets, many centuries bewitch people.

The greatness of these ancient mountains lies in the significance of events of national history of Kazakhstan. Ulytau was a favorite place of the khans of nomadic tribes. Here was stationed rate Zhoshy Khan Сhenghis Khan’s eldest son, from this started his conquests to the east Batu Khan. In Ulytau erected mausoleums Zhoshy Khan and Alasha Khan – founder of Turkish speaking tribes. Here is buried Khan of Golden Horde Tokhtamysh, great Horde leader Amir Edyge. The names of these people are immortalized in oral folk art (folklore), Altai, the Urals, the Crimea, Northern Caucasus and Uzbekistan. On the stone slab Ulytau mountains Altynshoky left the memory of his time in the spring of 1391 the great Tamerlane.

Ulytau region of the Karaganda region has become a mecca for foreign tourists who are interested in the history of culture and geography of settlement of the East and Eurasia. The monuments, which keeps Ulytau go back to the Paleolithic and Neolithic. The district has about 636 sites, 282 of which are listed in the historical and cultural map of the fund’s “Ulytau. Archeologists found numerous primitive people, their tools. On the river Karakengir found in Kazakhstan’s largest studio Paleolithic.

In the river valleys were identified monuments of the Bronze Age – the settlements, cemeteries, the rich burial of ancient culture. Up this day, do not solve the mystery of “mound with a mustache. Some archaeologists suggest that the tombs facilities, others – that is an ancient observatory. Archaeological excavations have shown that even three thousand years ago, local tribes were engaged in mining and metal trades and exported to Iran, India and Greece, copper, tin, silver and gold. On the territory of Ulytau the botanical and geographical research revealed 617 species, 90 species are medicinal. Ulytau called “country of lakes and springs”. On the herbal properties of mountain spring water Ulytau is known far outside this region.

Semey
The founding of Semipalatinsk occurred in 1718 and is associated with the famous Decree of Peter 1 on the protection of Eastern lands and the beginning of the construction of priirtish fortifications, the construction of which continued from 1714 to 1720.

In the fall of 1718, the Fortress Semiplates under the supervision of Lieutenant Colonel P. Stupin was “strengthened and in full weapons.”

The Semipalatinsk fortress that arose as the border and military support base was turned into an important trading point not only between Russia and Kazakhstan, but also between Russia, Central Asia and Western China. From the very foundation of Semipalatinsk, the Dzhungarian Kalmyki, Buchants, Tashkent, Kokandans came here for bargaining.

Customs was established to control trading operations with Asian merchants from 1728. In the first year of its existence, Semipalatinskaya Customs was subordinate to the Siberian order in Moscow under the main department of the State Commerce-Collegium
In 1776, Captain I.G. was seconded to the downstream Governor of Western Siberia Andreev “.. He, being a talented engineer, by education, rebuilt these fortresses, built bridges, roads, removed cards and plans of paths, redoubts, outposts and other military fortifications. Residents of the old fortress, military personnel, Cossacks, as well as part of trading people began to move to the new fortress.

On October 1, 1854, the solemn discovery of the Semipalatinsk region took place. Semipalatinsk from the spent city immediately turned into the regional. The newly established region became the most extensive as part of the Russian Empire.
The city council and the city court establish.

In 1858, the population – the extensive Semipalatinsk region, created in 1854, to which a number of external districts were departed – 261,487 people.
From 1873 The city of Semipalatinsk had a telegraph, and from 1910. – Phone and the first plumbing in Kazakhstan. .
In 1906 there was an official opening of shipping on the top of Irtysh.

In the Semipalatinsk region at the end of the XIX-XX centuries, the industry was created mainly for primary processing of raw materials on export. At the beginning of the 20th century, large Russian firms and cloth factories of the military department were harvested here wool, leather.

By 1863, 2 educational institutions operated in the city, including one county school with a female school with him, 2 church-parish schools, 14 Cossack and 9 private Tatar schools. In 1864, the women’s school was transformed into a second category school. At the end of the XIX – beginning. The XX century in the city worked men’s and women’s classic gymnasiums, teacher’s seminary. With the gold medal graduated from the Semipalatinian men’s gymnasium, and then the Tomsk Institute of Technology Alimkhan Ermekov. Mukhtar Auezov and Kanyash Satpayev studied in the teacher’s seminary.

For more than five years (1854-1859) in Semipalatinsk, the great Russian writer Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky, who wrote his immortal works here: “Notes from the Dead House”, “Uncle Sleep”, “Village Stepanchikovo and its inhabitants.” The meeting was held here. Dostoevsky with p.p. Symenov-Tien Shansky, Chokan Valikhanov and G. Potanin.

In Semipalatinsk, the student of St. Petersburg University of E.P. was serving a link. Michaelis, People’s Republic of N. Dolgopolov, S.Gros, P. Blobanovsky, A. Leontyev, N. Konshin, etc. … They led in Semipalatinsk a large scientific and cultural and educational work.
Friendly relationship with E.P. Michaelis, N. Dolgopolov and S. Gossom developed at the Great Kazakh Enlightener Abaya (Ibrahim) Kunubayeva. With their help, he acquainted with the classical literature and political life of society. In turn, Abay helped friends to study the history, culture and life of the Kazakh people. Abay Kunanbayev was an outstanding connoisseur of culture and life of the Kazakh people and enjoyed the glory of the generally accepted authority in the interpretation of Kazakh customs, ancient laws, genealogy, legends, legends and ethnographic terminology.

In 1878, the regional statistical committee emerged in Semipalatinsk. The first secretary of the Semipalatinsky Statistical Committee was political reference E.P. Michaelis. He was also one of the initiators of the foundation in Semipalatinsk in 1883. Public Library and Local Lore Museum. The Semipalatinsky branch of the geographical society was founded as a subsection of the West Siberian Department of the Russian Geographical Society, but he worked quite independently.

Brothers V.N. are active figures of Semipalatinsky Belosludov and A.N. Beloslud. The first one was an artist-ethnographer and created numerous drawings, which are now stored in the handwritten fund of the library of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan, and the second collected the works of Kazakh folklore. Kazakh fairy tales of the meeting A.N. Belosloidova, as some other folk materials were published in the “Notes” submissions.

In Semipalatinsk, the labor life and literary activity GD began Grebenshchikov.
In Semipalatinsk, G.N. worked Potanin and V.A. Obuschev, as well as other prominent scientists.
From June 1917 in the city of Semipalatinsk, the week

Taldykorgan
Taldykorgan is one of the Kazakhstani cities located on the Great Silk Road.

Location
Located in the center of Semirchya in the picturesque valley of the Karata River in the foothills of the Dzungarskaya Alatau. The city is located at an altitude of over 650 m. Over the sea level.

History of the city
The city leads its history from the second half of the 19th century: Gavrylovka’s small village, developing, gradually turned into a small town. In 1920, the settlement was renamed Talda Kurgan (Russian equivalent of the original word Taldykorgan, which in Kazakh means “Yves Kurgan”).

In the 30s and early 40s, the village was the center of Talda-Kurgansky district, and since 1944 it became a full-fledged city. Already in 1967, the city became the center of the whole area. On September 22, 2001, the capital of Almaty region was postponed from the city of Almaty to Taldykorgan, and this date became truly the beginning of the revival of the city.
Today, Taldykorgan grows and is growing rapidly in all areas. Transforming every day, he seems to acquire a new breath.

Sights
The main attraction of Taldykorgan, who meets all arriving in the city is the entrance arch. The design symbolizes the main goal of the regional center. It consists of four supporting elements, which, like from four sides of the world, support Shanyraқ – a symbol of a shared house, unity and well-being. Completes the composition of the coat of arms of the Almaty region.

The jury of the city became the embankment of the river Katal. In 2002, a large water park opened here, which became a favorite place of rest of the little citizens. On the territory of the water park there are summer cafes, a wardrobe.
Stadium “Zhetisu” is a modern sports facility with 500 landing places. There are sporting events of the regional and republican significance.

Culture
In the field of education of the city, university, academy, 13 secondary special educational institutions, 7 kindergartens are working. There is a drama man in the city, 2 Park of Culture and Leisure, Libraries and Cinema. For physical culture and sports, there are a stadium for 5 thousand seats, a sports complex, 5b pools, more than 30 sports halls at enterprises and educational institutions.

There are 15 national cultural centers in the city, 2 museums, an art gallery, a literary museum of the poet Ilyas Zhansugurov and the historical and local history museum named after M. Tynushpayev.

Economy
Today, the building of Taldykorgan is carried out by “seven-world steps”. It is transformed every day. As they say, a large “renovation” is being conducted in the city. The basis of the economy of Taldykorgan is industrial production, the base of which was created taking into account the favorable transport and geographic location. In total, the city has 21 enterprises engaged in the production of industrial products. In addition, there are 48 mini-productions. The city factory provides a city by building materials.

Battery, fruit and engineering factories work in Taldykorgan. There are several factories: sewing, shoe, furniture.

Transport
Transport connection to the city is represented by buses and route taxi. There is also a taxi and citizens.
The Taldykorgan Railway Station is the point of departure and arrival for a large number of tourists and guests of the city.
In Taldykorgan, there is a second class airport. It can take all helicopters and aircraft weighing up to 87 tons.

Kokshetau
Once here, between the blue mountains and swamp tops, dense pine and birch forests grew. Not far from the marsh leaks the river Chaglinka, the water of which at the end of the 19th century by order of the military authorities on a specially dusty canal was sent to wetlands. So the lake of Kopa was formed, on the shore of which the city of Kokshetau is located.

Location
Kokshetau is located in the north of Kokshetau hills, on the shore of the lake Kopa. Since 1999, the city has been the regional center of the Akmola region.

Story
The city was founded in 1824 as a military strengthening of Kokcheketav. Initially, it was the Cossack Stanitsa, which is by the end of the 60s. She became the county center. In 1863, there were so many people in 1863 that 72 trading and 10 dairy shops were already worked to meet his needs in the city, 11 peetic institutions. There were two schools – the Kazakh and Static. In March 1944, the Kokchetav region was formed here, the regional center of which was appointed City Kokchetav.
In 1993, after the independence of Kazakhstan, the countries began to return their original names to Kazakhstani cities. Coquetav was renamed: the Russian version of the pronunciation of the Sinegorea location was changed to the etymologically correct Kazakh – Kokshetau.

In 1997, a number of administrative reorganization began, which led to the fact that as a result, the Kokshetau region was abolished, and the city became the regional center changed within the borders of the Akmola region.

Sights
The main attraction of Kokshetau is the Burabay State National Park. And the decoration of it is 14 excellent lakes among the picturesque mountains covered with dense coniferous forests. The most significant among them in size, beauty and love of tourists is considered Lake Borovoy. Borovoye – the resort of a nationwide value, which is under the jurisdiction of the Office of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The lake is located 70 km from the city. Numerous hotels, sanatoriums and holiday homes have been built on the shores of the lake. Soft mountain climate, clean air and the presence of healing mud make rest here not only pleasant, but also therapeutic.

Another local National Park is the Natural Park “Kokshetau”, formed in 1996. It is located 60 km south-west of the city. On the territory of the park under the protection there are mountainous forest and steppe natural zones and the water world of Lakes Zendda, Shawli, Imanantau and Saumalcol. A lot of hiking and horse routes are laid in the park. In addition, there is an opportunity to settle in one of the traditional Kazakh villages.

Culture
On the territory of the city there are monuments to honored workers, people of art and famous personalities. Among them, the monument to Shokan Ualikhanov, V.I. Lenin, Bust twice Hero of the Soviet Union Talgata Bigeldinova on the Alley of Glory. In honor of the fallen in the war in the city, the Memorial of the memory of warriors who fell in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, a monument to Soviet soldiers.

In the cemetery (on the Barmashka), where fighters were buried, who died from the Russian Academy of Sciences in the military hospital of Kokcheketav during the Great Patriotic War.

The Hero Museum of the Soviet Union Malik Gabdullina was opened in 1995. In 1996, the Kazakh Music and Drama Theater was formed. S. Kusainova. In the same year, on the basis of the institutes we had in the city: Agricultural, pedagogical, branch of the Karaganda Polytechnic Institute, Kokshetau State University named after Shokan Walikhanov was formed.

The Akmola Regional Historical Museum is working in Kokshetau. Its activities are aimed at a demonstration of exhibits, pronounced nature and history of the region, the life and traditions of peoples inhabiting the region. The museum building built in 1904 is an architectural monument and history.

“Kokshetau Museum Association unites museums located in the city: Museum of M. Gabdullina, Museum of the City History, Museum of Literature and Art. In addition, 6 departmental museums, palaces and houses of culture, urban philharmonium, libraries, clubs, cinemas operate in Kokshetau.

Two theaters work here: Kokshetau Russian Drama Theater and Kazakh Music and Drama Theater. Sh.Kusainova.

Economy
After the collapse of the USSR in 1991 and in the process of reforming the economy of the country, Kokchetava, as many other cities, had to survive some losses. One of the industry flagships has ceased to exist – the Kokchetavian instrument making plant. Now in the city there are more than 2 thousand different enterprises of different forms of ownership. Successful work of some of them created them a solid reputation and in the scale of cities and outside of Kazakhstan. The city has a chain of private cafes, shops, hairdressers, offices. There are branches of the largest Kazakhstan banks.

Baikonur city
Baikonur – Baikonur (kazakh. Байкоңыр) – town in Kyzylorda region of Kazakhstan. Baikonur is a town of national importance. Before December 1995 it was called Leninsk. Together with the complex Baikonur it is in Russia’s lease till 2050, operates access control.

The cost of Lake Balkhash and city of Balkhash
The Balkhash Lake is a large inland of water after the Caspian and Aral seas. The lake – 614 km, width – from 3.5 to 44 km, maximum depth is 26 m. The phenomenon of Balkhash is different mineralization on its western and eastern parts connected by a narrow strait. Western basin that receives water from the previously abundant in the Ili River – fresh, eastern part of lake is salty. Nature of Balkhash is amazing and full of contrasts. Reservoirs Ili-Balkhash basin is one of the most significant in terms of biodiversity and the reproduction of valuable fish species.

The lake is located in three regions of Kazakhstan: Almaty, Zhambyl and Karaganda. To the north of the lake stretches vast Kazakh hills to the west stretches Betpak Dala, and in the south are the Chu-Ili mountains, sand Taukum, Saryesik-Atyrau. The first historical and geographical information about the Lake Balkhash appeared in the Chinese, who, having contacts with Central Asia, before others could get acquainted with this region. The lake is about 20 species of fish, also has 120 species of birds, of which 12 were in the Red Book. The largest town on the shore of the lake – the city of Balkhash, which is located 380 km from Karaganda at bay Bertys with 75.6 thousand inhabitants.

The city was founded in 1937 on the basis of the settlement Pribalhashstroy, in connection with the construction of copper smelting plant. The history of the city is closely linked with the development of the Balkhash mining and metallurgical complex Balkhash is one of the most important centers of ferrous metallurgy in Kazakhstan. In 1967 at the London International Exhibition Balkhash copper was recognized as the global benchmark for copper. Recreational potential of the lake and surrounding attractions (the mountains Bectauata, riparian forests) attract many tourists.

For several years, various sports events in the movement to save the lake. At the Lake Balkhash very popular types of recreation are beach tourism, water sports: sailing, rowing and canoeing, sport fishing. On the coast of Lake Balkhash is located more than 9 zones relaxation of large industrial enterprises of the region and private entrepreneurs, which has created conditions for recreation for more than 4 thousand people a year. Along the western shore of the lake is part of the highway Almaty – Ekaterinburg, which also has a positive impact on the development of the city. One of the natural attractions of the region is the mountain chain Bectauata – beautiful place of Northern Balkhash.

The top of the peak Bektauata soars up to 1000 meters. In clear weather, the visibility of the picturesque landscape stretches for 100 km. Mountain Range Bectauata is not as extended (4000 ha), but it is decorated with a variety of cliffs and canyons. In the tract Bekctauata grow hundreds of plants, of which 45 are rare, and 8 are in the Red Book. Mountainside Bekctauata formed cave “Auliye” with fresh water, which is considered holy, and the water is healing.

Bayanaul
Bayanaul is a picturesque corner of nature, a centre of Bayanaul region of Pavlodar oblast (province). The village is located near Sabyndykol Lake, at the foothills of Bayanaul Mountains, on the South-East part of Pavlodar oblast. Bayanaul National Park was established in 1985, main attraction of which is nature.

Bayanaul village is a very beautiful place, with the population of 4472 people. Bayanaul vicinities are considered a resort area, which consists of 3 main lakes: Zhasybay, Sabyndykol and Toraigyr and a range of beautiful mountains. Mountain-forest oasis of Bayanaul attracts tourists with its beautiful lakes with beaches, caves and grots. Every year tourists from all over Kazakhstan come to this place to swim in the Lakes and participate in various recreational activities.

Burabay
Beautiful and rich Akmola region, an ancient land of an ancient people. Like a fairy eagle, that has widely spread its wings for the flight, it stretches itself in the north of the republic. Fruitful soils, numerous rivers and lakes, vast pastures, rich metal deposits, generous gifts of the woods, abundance of game-animals and fish have attracted people here from times immemorial. Lakes, rivers, and streams make the region unique. Borovoe, Schuchie, Big and Small Chebachie, Zerenda and hundreds of other like huge pearls decorating the region’s necklace. The summer makes much pleasure to holidaymakers. But quiet wistful autumn is fine as well. Gold birch groves and vermillion aspen trees change for evergreen pine woods and spruce groves. The scent of senescent grass mixes with mushroom spice. About one hundred mushroom species grow in Borovoye.

Mushrooming is very exciting and useful for good mood. There exists some mysterious, attracting power in granite sculptures created by the Mother Nature itself. Having stepped aside just a little bit and giving way to your imagination, you will see the stones «coming into life». Borovoye has no material culture monuments. But the combination of magnificent mountains, blue lakes, pine woods and larch forests created unique beautiful landscapes of nature. The waves of an ancient vast sea beat the shore of the lake a long time ago. At the end of drift epoch the sea was swept away, and the landscape assumed modern mountainous shape. The sun, the wind and rains formed cavities, caves, and holes in the rocks, making them fantastically shaped and scenic.

Karkaraly
Karkaralinsk – the oldest and ever young city of Karaganda region. Its history began with a small steppe village, which was remote in a valley of the mountain river. Caravans from Central Asia were going to Siberia through it.

A fortress was laid here in August 1824. Three years later it became the Cossack belonging. In 1869 Karkaralinsk got the status of the district city. In XIX century it was an important trade center.

The famous Koyandinsk fairs became a locomotive in development of trade economic relationships and cultures, Gradually Karakaralinsk became a large public-political centre where known politicians came, figures of the literature and art, educators, scientists and travelers. One of the the most remarkable descriptions of Karkarals was made by a prominent kazakh scientist – an ethnographer, historian and geographer Shokan Ualihanov.

Some notes about Karkaralinsk were left by the Russian gravellier Grigoriy Potanin. The House of the merchant Andrey Ryazancev, at which the famous scientist Potanin stayed more than one hundred years ago, is protected in the city as a monument of history and culture.

The Fundamental scientific works about Karkaralinsk came into being in 1865 in the second volume “Geographic-statistical dictionary of Russian empire”, published under editing of Professor Semenov Tjanshanski. People in Russia learned then for the first time about green oasis of the mountain caves and monuments of history of the primitive culture.

The history of Karkaralinsk is connected with the name of the great kazakh educator, poet-translator, composer and teacher Abay Kunanbaev. His father, senior sultan of Karkaralinsk neighborhood Kunanbay kashi perpetuated his name by erection of a Moslem mosque and by his charity. Karkaralinsk is called a Kazakhstan Switzerland. The nature here is fairy-tale beautiful.

In Karkaralinsk the air is wonderfully clear. It is so saturated with coniferous airwaves that the local inhabitants are not concerned about the safety of even the most gentile food products. Hunters and cattle breeders have left their milk and meat under coniferous giants for centuries, not fearing that their food will spoil.

The abundance of source is a typical particularity of Karkaralinsk Mountains. Water is fresh and very pure therein. The citizens of Karkaralinsk particularly remark the spring of Suukbulak, which is said to have the wonder-working medical characteristic. Water in spring is mildly carbonated by nature and beats with small power about one half liter at a second. The annual temperature of the water amounts to 6 degrees. But old-timers assure that the spring never freezes and water in it keeps all the year round the same temperature. The wood rivers of Karkaralinsk -Big and Small Karkaralinki- meet together, and their general riverbed is called Kurozek.

Mountains of Karkaralinsk are famous for their own lakes. The Devil’s lake, or Shaytankoli, in the steppe hillocky area is considered to be a mountain reservoir. Everything the lake itself and adjoining woods are beautiful, a winnows mystery of the ancient legends is exceeding from them. One of the most beautiful places of Karkaralinsk Mountains is Lake Pool. The amazing creation of the nature, it is located high in the mountains and presents a natural chalice of a wonderful correct square-wave form, reminding a pool. The Tetragonal stone bath with responding edge-coast, full of pure transparent water.

The Kentski mountains is a comparatively young mountain array. The untamable steppe wind, as a patient sculptor, sculpted only one plot it knew. The wind has added the mountain Kent whimsical forms, that you do not see anywhere.

Enigmatic Kentski Mountains are attracting archeological expeditions and lenses. But the nature does not hurry to reveal to persons their own secrets.

Flora of Karkaralinsk oasis is rich and varied. The Wood is girding the mountains of Karkaralinsk. The coniferous wood is dominating, particularly pine. Mixed and leafy wood approximately amount to10-12 percents. There is birch, aspen, osier, a kind of cherry tree. Karkaralinsk is a native land of smooth wormwood. Of this rare plant anticancer remedy called arglabin is produced at Karaganda institute of photochemistry for treatment of the cancerous diseases.

Today Karkaralinsk occupies an important place in economic and cultural life of independent Kazakhstan. More than 10 places of holidays are functioning here, including holiday home “Miner” of Karaganda coal department and a holiday place of Buketova Karaganda State University. Each year autumn rallies of tourists of Central Kazakhstan are held here.

Korgaldgynskiy State Natural Reserve
Korgaldgynskiy State Reserve is situated at a distance of 130 kilometers to the south-west from Astana city. The Reserve objective is to protect the natural complex and public awareness raising on nature conservation. The Reserve is located in Tengiz-Korgaldgynskiy valley and occupies 259.9 thousand hectares, 198 of which is water area. In broad outline the area contains Tengiz and Korgalzhyn large lakes, the remainders of an ancient sea, which once was the heart of the valley.

Together with the other smaller lakes they form a unique wetland site. Tengiz Lake is 85 kilometers long, 35 kilometers wide, one can’t make out the opposite side examining it through a high power binoculars. “Tengiz” is translated into Kazakh as “sea”, its water saltiness is 5-6 times higher than that of the World ocean. In 2000 Tengiz was registered in “Living Lakes” organization, which includes the most unique lakes of the world. During summer time thousands of swans, geese and ducks make nests on the lakeshore. In quiet winter one can see northern birds such as snowy owl, white grouse, waxwing, redpoll and bullfinch. The total number of bird species inhabiting Korgaldgynskiy Reserve is 32. All of them are registered in the Red Data Book. The animal world of the Reserve includes about 40 species. Here are big wild boars, swift saigas, badgers and ermines. The unique natural complex of Korgaldgynskiy Reserve was included into the list of naturally protected areas of the planet and incorporated into group “A” of Ramsar Convention. The final step will be registration of the territory in UNESCO.

Korgaldgynskiy Reserve sheltered a number of endangered bird species. They are registered in Red book. Number one in the list is exotic pink flamingo. Flamingo means “flame” in Latin. People’s hearts beat with joy at the sight of these big graceful birds and their habit. When moving flamingo flocks may remind you of scarlet clouds or sparkling fire-flames the colour of which vary from the light red to the deep purple.

Ulytau
Ulytau (the great mountains) – historical centre of Kazakh folk, epicentre of the nomadic culture of steppe civilization. The Greatness of these ancient mountains is in the significance of events of national history of Kazakhstan. Ulytau were the most favorite place of khans of nomadic tribes. Headquarter of Zhoshy khan was located here. He was an elder son of great Chingishan; khan Bathy began from here his conquering march to the Orient.

In Ulytau were erected mausoleums of Zhoshy Khan and Alash khan – one of the founders of Turkic tribes. There were buried here khan of the Golden Horde Tohtamysh, the great horde general, emir Edyge, whose names are perpetuated in the folklore of Altai, Ural, the Crimea, the Northern Caucasus and Uzbekistan. On the stone plate of Ulytau Mountains Altynshoky the great Tamerlan left memory about his staying here in springtime in 1391.

Area Ulytau of Karaganda region became the Mecca for foreign tourists, which are interested in history of culture and geography of the settling folk of the Orient and Eurasia.

The monuments, which keep in themselves Ulytau, belong to the Paleolithic and Neolithic epochs.

The scientist-archeologists of history faculty of Buketov Karaganda State University discovered numerous stands of primitive people, their instruments of labour. On the bank of the river Karakengir the largest workshop in Kazakhstan of the Paleolithic epoch was discovered. On the river valleys were brought to light monuments of bronze – settlements, ancient cemeteries.

The secret of “burial mounds with moustache” has not been found out yet. The one archeologist supposes that these be tomb erections, the others assume – that this should be an ancient observatory, but students came to the conclusion that this be a ritual complex. The archeological excavations give witness that the local tribes were engaged in mining metallurgical handicraft three thousand years ago and exported to Iran, India and Greece copper, tin, silver and gold.

Ulytau is called “country of mountains, lakes and springs”. People new about healing properties of spring water far away beyond this area. Russian and European ambassadors went to the general headquarter of Tartar –Mongols Karakorum. They certainly stopped to be treated by spring water of Ulytau.

Zerenda
Zerenda is a charming world of forests, lakes, picturesque ravines, rocks, canyons and springs. The world that attracts tourists from different parts of the planet, the people who like to enjoy quiet woods, sweet fragrance of grass and to admire chamomile and bluebell meadows and shady birch woods. The air in pine woods is ozone-rich, clear and saturated with fragrance of them. The land is mapped out with tourist’s routes: forest paths, auto roads, horse ways and bike ways. Excellent ski-tracks are laid here. Forests, full of game, lakes, replete with fish, succulent pastures attracted man here from time immemorial.In summer the sunshine is streaming deep into forests. There you can hear the laughter and voices of people who came to enjoy the bounty of nature: mushrooms, cherry, stone bramble, dogrose, strawberry. In the lakes there are plenty of pikes, carps, crucian carps, perches and roaches.

Tekeli
Total region: 0,1 thousand in sq. km. Population: 24,3 thousand people Distance from Almaty: 292 km Distance from Taldykorgan: Gorod Tekeli 46 km, the area of 0,1 thousand in sq.km., is in 46 km. On the southeast from the regional center of Taldykorgana and in 285 km. On the northeast from Almaty, it is connected with the given cities iron and automobile roads.

The city is located in foothills of the Western slope of northern file of the Dzungarian Ala Tau which has been cut ущелеобразными by valleys of the rivers Tekeli, Chazha, the Bark, Karatal and will stretch in the form of a twisting tape on 32 km. The rivers Chazha and the Bark are river Karatal inflows, the river Tekeli – the left inflow of the river Chazha.

The climate of region of the city of Tekeli concerns continental type of midlatitudes. On agroclimatic division into districts the area concerns to damp moderately-frying to a zone. Among sights of a city it is possible to see an Obelisk devoted to a victory in the Great Patriotic War; Avenue of memory to the heroes who were lost in days of the Great Patriotic War; the Memorial board on a city central square; the Fountain of a name of the 10 anniversary of Independence of Republic Kazakhstan; the Fountain of a name of the 50 anniversary of the city of Tekeli, sports Palace, stadium and open swimming pool.

Alakol
It is a salty closed lake in Kazakhstan, which is located on the border of Almaty and East Kazakhstan regions. On the western coast of the Alakol, about 80 km from the Kazakh-Chinese border, there is the resort village of Koktum, and on the east coast – the village of Kabanbay (formerly Zharbulak) where the tourist infrastructure is rapidly developing. Not far from the village of Kabanbay, about 15 km to the east, there is one of the oldest sanatoriums in Kazakhstan, the balneological resort Barlyk-Arasan.

Lake Alakol is unique in its kind, as it is the only lake in the world with a black beach, due to the content of a large amount of silicon. Clean steppe air, mineral waters and mineralized hydrogen sulphide mud are especially beneficial for rest and treatment in these places. The water of Lake Alakol is very transparent, clean, in composition it is comparable to the waters of the Black and Dead Sea and includes almost the entire periodic table, which contributes to the treatment of skin diseases, respiratory diseases, diseases of the musculoskeletal system, and the nervous system.

For more than 10 years, tourism has been developing on Lake Alakol, now it is a civilized and affordable vacation, both for residents of Kazakhstan and for visitors. Pensions and recreation centers on the shore of the lake meet tourists of different ages every day. Fishing and hunting in the vicinity of the lake is also interesting and varied. There are several quite comfortable holiday homes on the coast, allowing you to organize a relaxing holiday on the coast.

Turkestan
The city of Turkestan is located in the South Kazakhstan region and is one of the oldest cities in Kazakhstan: it was founded more than 1500 years ago.

Turkestan (Yassy) was the political and spiritual center of the Turkic-speaking peoples and was the capital of the Kazakh Khanate for many centuries. One of the main attractions of the city is the mausoleum of Khoja Akhmet Yassaui, built at the end of the 14th – early 15th centuries.

At the moment, the city is a center of pilgrimage for Muslims of Kazakhstan, Central Asia and other countries. According to the pilgrims themselves, three trips to the Yassaui mausoleum in Turkestan are equal to a small hajj to Mecca.

Also, many tourists come to the city interested in ancient cities and culture. The most interesting archaeological sites of these places belong to the era of prosperity of the medieval city of Otrar. After many years of archaeological excavations, these archaeological sites were included in the historical and cultural reserve – Otrar oasis.

Also located here is a wonderful historical museum, clearly demonstrating the capture of the city by the Mongols, as well as a monument of the XII-XX centuries. – Arystan-bab, dedicated to the teacher and mentor of Khoja Akhmet Yassaui.

Saryagash
The city of Saryagash is the center of the Saryagash region of the South Kazakhstan region. Saryagash district was formed in 1939. It has a 133 km border with the Republic of Uzbekistan, and is located 15 km from the capital of Uzbekistan, Tashkent.

Saryagash is rich in healing mineral water produced by 33 registered enterprises. But the main feature of this region is the numerous sanatoriums located at the sources of underground mineral waters.

Also in the area, tourists can find many interesting sights. For example, one of the ancient cities located along the Great Silk Road, on the territory of the Zhuzimdik rural district; the historical monument Kultobe, which is located on the banks of the mouth of the Sula Keles River, may interest tourists. Moreover, at the moment, according to the state program, it is planned to restore the holy places of Saryagash Yerdaut and Shaimerden in the Darbazin rural district.

Katon Karagay
In East Kazakhstan, the Katon-Karagai National Park is located, which attracts attention with a variety of natural and historical sites: including the Berelsky earthen burial ground, the Kok-kol waterfall, Rakhmanovskie keys (hot springs), Kok-Kola deposits and the Northern (Golden) branch of the Great Silk Road crossing the picturesque Ukok plateau.